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Research > Sample Design And Collection Of Data > Flashcards

Sample Design And Collection Of Data Flashcards

1
Q

those which are collected afresh and for the first time, and thus happen to be original in character

A

primary data

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2
Q

(i) observation method,
(ii) interview method,
(iii) through questionnaires,
(iv) through schedules,

(a) warranty cards
(b) distributor audits
(c) pantry audits
(d) consumer panels
(e) using mechanical devices
(f) through projective techniques
(g) depth interviews
(h) content analysis

A

primary data collection

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3
Q

those which have already been collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical process

A

secondary data

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4
Q

(a) various publications of the central, state are local governments
(b) various publications of foreign governments or of international bodies and their subsidiary organizations
(c) technical and trade journals
(d) books, magazines and newspapers
(e) reports and publications of various associations connected with business and industry, banks, stock exchanges, etc
(f) reports prepared by research scholars, universities, economists, etc. in different fields
(g) public records and statistics, historical documents, and other sources of published information

A

Published secondary data collection

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5
Q

found in diaries, letters, unpublished biographies and autobiographies

available with scholars and research workers, trade associations, labour bureaus and other public/ private individuals and organisations

A

Unpublished secondary data collection

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6
Q

Data is gathered indirectly

A

Questionnaire Method

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7
Q

No face to face contact between two

A

Questionnaire Method

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8
Q

Interviewer should have the general knowledge of the topic

A

Questionnaire Method

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9
Q

Interviewee will hesitate to write it

A

Questionnaire Method

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10
Q

get written information only

A

Questionnaire Method

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11
Q

Data is gathered directly

A

Interview Method

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12
Q

There is face to face contact between interviewer and interviewee

A

Interview Method

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13
Q

Skillful interviewer is needed

A

Interview Method

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14
Q

Some confidential information can also be obtained

A

Interview Method

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15
Q

get written and oral both type of information

A

Interview Method

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16
Q

also known as deliberate sampling, purposive sampling and judgement sampling

A

Non-probability sampling

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17
Q

items for the sample are selected deliberately by the researcher; his choice concerning the items remains supreme

A

Non-probability sampling

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18
Q

The investigator may select a sample which shall yield results favourable to his point of view

A

Non-probability sampling

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19
Q

there is always the danger of bias entering into this type of sampling technique

A

Non-probability sampling

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20
Q

There is no assurance that every element has some specifiable chance of being included

A

Non-probability sampling

21
Q

Sampling error in this type of sampling cannot be estimated and the element of bias, great or small, is always there

A

Non-probability sampling

22
Q

Conveniences ambling
Consecutive sampling
Quota sampling
Judgmental or Purposive sampling
Snowball sampling

A

Non probability sampling

23
Q

also known as ‘random sampling’ or ‘chance sampling’

A

Probability sampling

24
Q

every item of the universe has an equal chance of inclusion in
the sample

A

Probability sampling

25
Q

method of sample selection which gives each possible sample combination an equal probability of being picked up and each item in the entire population to have an equal chance of being included in the sample

A

Probability sampling

26
Q

Simple random sampling
Systematic sampling
Stratified random sampling
Multistage sampling
Multiphase sampling

A

Probability sampling

27
Q

for homogenous population by lottery method, random number tables

A

Simple random sampling

28
Q

for large, scattered and non homogenous population

A

Systematic sampling

29
Q

for non homogenous population

A

Stratified random sampling

30
Q

method of sampling which gives the probability that a sample is representative of population

A

Probability Sampling

31
Q

generally used in fundamental research in which the purpose is to generalize the results

A

Probability Sampling

32
Q

refers from the sample as well as the population

A

Probability Sampling

33
Q

Every individual of the population has equal probability to be taken into the sample

A

Probability Sampling

34
Q

representative of the population

A

Probability Sampling

35
Q

observations (data) are used for the inferential purpose

A

Probability Sampling

36
Q

Inferential or parametric statistics are used

A

Probability Sampling

37
Q

absence of any idea of probability the method of sampling

A

Non-probability Sampling

38
Q

generally used in action researches in which one studies a class without any generalization purpose

A

Non-probability Sampling

39
Q

There is no idea of population

A

Non-probability Sampling

40
Q

There is no probability of selecting any individual

A

Non-probability Sampling

41
Q

has free distribution

A

Non-probability Sampling

42
Q

observations are not used for generalization purpose

A

Non-probability Sampling

43
Q

Non-inferential or non-parametric statistics are used

A

Non-probability Sampling

44
Q

results from errors in the sampling procedures, and it cannot be reduced or eliminated by increasing the sample size

A

systematic bias

45
Q
  1. Inappropriate sampling frame
  2. Defective measuring device
  3. Non-respondents
  4. Indeterminancy principle: Sometimes we find that individuals act differently when kept under observation than do when kept in non-observed situations
  5. Natural bias in the reporting of data
A

Causes of systematic bias

46
Q

random variations in the sample estimates around the true population parameters

A

Sampling errors

47
Q

occur randomly and are equally likely to be in either direction, their nature happens to be of compensatory type and the expected value of such errors happens to be equal to zero

A

Sampling errors

48
Q

decreases with the increase in the size of the sample, and it happens to be of a smaller magnitude in case of homogeneous population

A

Sampling error

Research (5 decks)

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