Saltburn to Flamborough Head Flashcards
Where is it?
Along the coast of the North York Moors
How long is the coastline?
60km
What are the main types of rock?
Sandstone, Shale and limestone
What period was the coastline formed in?
Jurassic
What is Flamborough Head like?
A large chalk headland with a superficial deposit of material left by glaciers in the devonian period (till) ontop.
Where are the dominant waves from?
North and Northeast
How long is the fetch of the waves?
1500km
Where is the most vulnerable section?
The North-facing sections such as Saltburn.
How do erosion rates vary?
- 8m/year for Shale and Clay
0. 1m/year for Sandstone and Limestone
How can averages hide variations?
Faster and less frequent retreats by mass movement can force an overlook of slower rates of erosion.
What has monitoring found?
Flaoting buoys in Whitby Bay during 2010-11 revealed wave height often exceeded 4m.
What direction does LSD act?
North to South
How is LSD interrupted?
Large headlands interrupt the movement of sediment, causing the buildup of beaches in bays, such as Filey Bay.
What sediment cell and subcell is the area in?
Within cell 1 and subcell 1d
What are the main sediment sources?
Nearshore sediment driven onshire as sea levels rose in the last glacial.
Cliff erosion, sandstone, chalk, boulder clay and gravel.
Fluvial Sediment, River Esk enters at Whitby suppying limited sediment.
What did beach surveys find?
There was a net increase in beach sediment of 9245 m^3 between 2008 and 2011 at saltburn.
How are sedimentary rocks bedded?
Horizontally
What are the Flamborough cliffs like?
Made of chalk.
20-30m high
Overlying till at a 40degree angle.
What are the Saltburn cliffs like?
Cliffs are much higher.
Stepped profile due to varied geology.
Steeper areas are Sandstone and limestone.
Gentler areas are Shales and Clays.
Why are there Shore Platforms?
High energy waves and active erosion mean cliffs erode leading to the formation of rocky shore platforms.
What are the characteristics of the Robin Hoods Bay Platform?
Made of eroded Lower Lias Shales.
Angle of 1 degree, with some steep areas as much as 15.
Max width of 500m.
Formed in the last 6000 years.
What type of coastline is it?
Discordant
What are examples of bays?
Robin Hood bay, eroded into weak shale, surrounding headlands are sandstone.
Filey Bay, eroded into weak Kinneridge Clay, surrounding headlands are limestone and chalk.
How many geos and blowholes are there?
50 aligned to the Northeast
Are there beaches?
There a few well developed beaches along the coastline, best examples at scarborough and Filey Bay.
Why are there few beaches?
High energy waves remove sediment before it can accumulate.
Why does LSD not create normal landforms?
High tiday range arounf 4m stops the creation of spits and other drift aligned features. There is a lack of estuarine environments that would provide sediment sinks.
