Salivary Glands, Ear, Petrosal Region Flashcards
Parotid gland and duct
25-30% of saliva production
Serous saliva
Sublingual gland and duct
3-5% of saliva production
Serous and mucous saliva, primarily mucous
Submandibular gland and duct
60-70% of saliva production
Serous and mucous saliva, primarily serous
Which gland is hook shaped, wraps around posterior border of mylohyoid m.?
Submandibular Salivary Gland
Submandibular Salivary Gland aka
Wharton’s duct
Submandibular Salivary Gland innervated by
CN VII
Lingual nerve next to ____ and they loop around and criss-cross at one point.
submandibular duct
Sublingual Salivary Gland innervated? creates what fold?
CN VII
Sublingual fold
Parotitis/Mump 2 types?
- Bacterial parotitis-high mortality rate, seen in elderly taking anticholinergic meds that inhibit salivary flow
- Viral parotitis (mumps)-spread through saliva, coughing, sneezing. mumps vaccine since 1970s.
Parotid tumors
80% benign
lose facial expression
can spread to mandible, pharynx, base of skull, middle ear, cervical lymph nodes
Frey’s Syndrome
Sweating and redness in the distribution of the auriculotemporal nerve during eating
Parotid fistula
Communication between the parotid gland and the skin or oral cavity Often occur from trauma: Injury during surgery Secondary to tumors Congenital Infection
Superficial Auricle
Auriculotemporal (from V3)
Cervical plexus
cervical plexus
Lesser occipital nerve (C2)
Great auricular nerve (C2, C3)
Deep Auricle
Auricular branch (from X) Auricular branch (from VII)
Arterial supply of external ear
Superficial temporal a. (from ECA)
Posterior auricular a. (from ECA)
Deep auricular a. (from maxillary a.)
Anterior tympanic a. (from maxillary a.)
Ceruminous glands
Are in external acoustic meatus and produce Cerumen (earwax)
Tympanic membrane innervated by?
Lateral=V3
Medial side innervated by IX
Tympanic membrane is a 3 layer membrane what is in each?
External layer is skin, stratified squamous epithelium
Middle layer is fibrous, attaching to the malleus
Inner layer is mucous membrane, ciliated columnar epithelium
Middle ear located at the?
petrous portion of the temporal bone.
Roof of middle ear
Tegmen tympani, separating middle ear from temporal lobe of the brain
Floor of middle ear
Thin bone, immediately superior to the internal jugular v.
What muscle attaches to the auditory tube?
salpingopharyngeus muscle
Anterior wall of middle ear
auditory tube
lesser petrosal nerve
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
posterior wall of middle ear
Facial canal, terminates at stylomastoid foramen
Mastoid antrum, leads to mastoid air cells
Stapedius
medial wall of middle ear
oval window
round window
tensor palatini
promontory
lateral wall of middle ear
chorda tympani
tympanic membrane
Content of middle ear
VII
Chorda tympani passes through, does not innervate
Nerve to stapedius
IX Tympanic nerve Tympanic plexus With sympatheic fibers Lesser petrosal nerve
Sensory innervation of middle ear
tympanic plexus
Mastoiditis
Usu. second to otitis media
may lead to partial or total hearing loss
Can travel through bone to the middle cranial fossa, causing meningitis
Mastoidectomy to surgically remove pus
Inner ear 2 parts
Osseous labyrinth-filled with perilymph
Membranous labyrinth-filled with endolymph
Inner ear includes
vestibule
3 semicircular canals
cochlea
vestibular and cochlear nerves
Cochlea 3 parts
Scala vestibuli
-Perilymph
Cochlear duct
-Endolymph
Scala tympani
-Perilymph
Pathway of sound
Middle ear vibrates back and forth–>malleus–>incus–> stapes attached to oval window–>fluid (peri and endo) will bounce in cochlea–>inside cochlear duct is organ of corti–> morse code with tectorial membrane
The parotid salivary gland is associated with the ___ nucleus.
inferior salivatory
The sublingual salivary gland is ass. with the __ of nucleus.
superior salivatory
Highest to lowest salivary production
submandibular>parotid>sublingual
Bartholin’s duct aka
sublingual duct
What provides sensory innervation to auricle
lesser occipital nerve great auricular nerve auriculotemporal nerve CN VII CNX
Part of the anterior border of the parotid bed?
Masseter
Deep surface of the tympanic membrane is innervated by
IX
Located in middle ear
chorda tympani lesser petrosal nerve nerve to the stapedius tympanic nerve tympanic plexus
Opening that acts as a pressure release valce for the inner ear
Round window
Sympathetic innervation reaches the inner ear by traveling with the
Internal carotid artery
The nerve to the medial pterygoid, a branch of V3, innervates the medial pterygoid muscle and the
Tensor veli palatini
Tympani
Which salivary gland secretes saliva into the oral cavity near the maxillary second molar?
Parotid gland
The deep portion of the submandibular salivary gland lies between the __muscle and the mandible.
Hyoglossus
The tragus is __to the helix
anterior
In the middle ear, the chorda tympani is __ to the oval window.
lateral
The ___ never branches from the facial nerve while in the parotid salivary gland.
Zygomatic nerve
The malleous is ___ to the stapes
lateral
Parotid Bed anterior
Masseter m.
Ramus of mandible
Posterior of parotid bed
Mastoid process of the temporal bone
Sternocleidomastoid m.
Medial of parotid bed
Styloid process
Transverse process of C1
Lateral of parotid bed
Investing layer of deep cervical fascia
