salivary gland Flashcards
inflammation of the salivary glands due to trauma, infection, stones, or autoimmune disease
sialadentitis
specific causes: mumps, mucocele, ranula, sialolithiasis
define mucoepidermoid carcinoma, including complications, genes, prognosis factor
- malignant, MC in parotid
- mucus secreting cells, intermediate cells, and squamous cells
- genes: 11;19 q21;p13 translocation = MECT1-MAML2 fusion
- sx: pain
- prognosis is grade dependent
how does xerostomia present ? what are the complications?
PE: dry mucosa, papillae atrophy, fissuring, ulcerations
complications: caries, candidiasis, dysphagia, dysphonia
what is an epithelial lined cyst derived from a damaged SUBLINGUAL gland duct (rivinus duct) ? associated complication?
- ranula
- can become “plunging” (dissected connective tissue of the two bodies of the mylohyoid M.)
*RAN away out of the country bc he was LINGUINAL, and fell into a PLUNGING hole
what is dry mouth from decreased salivary production? when is it commonly seen?
xerostomia
main ft of Sjogrens syndrome, radiation tx, or drug side effects
______ suppress salivary excretion and increase risk of infections
phenothiazines
what are the 3 main salivary glands
parotid, submandibular, and sublingual
define characteristics of salivary pleomorphic adenoma (biphasic/mixed tumor) including risk factors, genetics, sx, and unique traits
- benign , most often in parotid
- ductal epithelial cells and myoepithelial cells showing epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation
- unique: CONTAINS CARTILAGE MICROSCOPIC HETEROGENEITY**
- RF: radiation
- genes: PLAG1 overexpession
- sx: PAINLESS, slow growing, MOBILE mass, at JAW ANGLE
*can become aggressive malignant mixed carcinoma and that is indicated by Facial N. damage
what is the most common benign and malignant tumors of the salivary glands
benign: pleomorphic adenoma
malignant: mucoepidemoid carcinoma
* BOTH most commonly located in the PAROTID gland
define adenoid cystic carcinoma including history, and prognosis, complication
- rare malignant, MC in minor salivary glands (PALATINE)
- gray-pink lesion
- histo: small cells with dark complacencies nuclei and scant cytoplasm
- poor prognosis
- complication: recurrent and invade perineurial space to cause lots of PAIN
burning mouth syndrome involves decreases PNS function and therefore ___ can be used to normalize PNS
OMT
associated ducts with major salivary glands
- stensen duct= parotid duct
- rivinus duct = sublingual
- Wharton’s duct = submandibular (war in a submarine)
complication associated with sialolithiasis (salivary stones)
- can obstruct duct and lead to bacterial sialadentitis
- most common pathogens: S. Aureus and Strep Viridians
- sx: unilateral suppurative necrosis with abscess
define characteristics of salivary wartharin tumor including risk factors, histo, and unique traits
- benign, ONLY in parotid
- aka PAPILLARY CYSTadenoma LYMPHomatosum
- RF: Smokers (get it bilaterally), male>female, 50-70s
- Histo: double layer of neoplastic epithelial lining, upper ayer lot of mitochondria “oncocytic”
- unique: ABUNDANT lymphocytes, and GERMINAL CENTERS
measles vs mumps presentation
measles (rubeola)= buccal ulcers about the parotid duct called kopek spots that occur before a skin rash
mumps= parotid gland enlargement, pancreatitis (increased amylase), orchitis, ascetic meningitis,
