Salivary Funtion

Question 1

What category of drugs are known to cause xerostomia

Answer 1

antihistamines, decongestants, antidepressants, antipsychotics, antiHTN, anticholinergics

Question 2

what are the consequences of xerostomia

Answer 2

• difficulty in chewing, swallowing, and speaking
• increased risk of mucosal, gingival and tongue lesion
• increased risk of candidiasis, dental carries, periodontal dz and other oral fungal and bacterial infxns.
• taste alteration
• oral halitosis
• increased fluid intake
• reduced QOL

Question 3

What mediates salivary flow

Answer 3

both PNS and SNS

1. Ach binds to M3 receptors to increase IPE and Ca causing activation of apical membrane Cl- channel and basolateral K channel.
2. PNS makes a protein poor secretion.
3. SNS makes a protein rich secretion

Question 4

MOA of cevimeline

Answer 4

M3»M1 agonists

Question 5

ADE of cevimeline

Answer 5

1. CI - asthma, closed angle glaucoma of iris
2. Precautions - angina, beast-feeding, bronchitis, kids, cholelithiasis, COPD, driving/operating machinery (decrease visual acuity), geriatric, MI, nephrolitathiasis, pregnancy

Question 6

MOA of pilocarpine

Answer 6

ALL muscarinic receptors agonist

Question 7

ADE of pilocarpine

Answer 7

1. CI- asthma, closed angle glaucoma of iris

2. Precautions - same as cevimeline plus psychosis b/c crosses BBB

Question 8

What is treatment for sialorrhea

Answer 8

1. labeled anticholinergics - botulinum toxin, scopolamine