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Saliva Flashcards

1
Q

What effects does head and neck radiotherapy have on salivation?

A

Effects are rapid (days) and long lasting
Initial effect: Reduces gland function
Later effects: Kills cells, esp acinar cells

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2
Q

What disease effect salivary glands?

A

mumps

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3
Q

Mumps frequently affects the _____ gland and results in _____

A

parotid glands and results in painful swelling of salivary glands due to the obstruction of ducts.

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4
Q

Sialoliths

A

stones, found in submandibular glands, obstruct secretion and cause painful swelling

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5
Q

What viruses replicate and are shed into saliva?

A

epstein barr and herpes.

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6
Q

What kind of glands are salivary glands

A

exocrine glands

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7
Q

What are the 3 major salivary glands?

A
  1. parotid (IX)
  2. submandibular (VII)
  3. Sublingual (VII)
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8
Q

What are the 2 minor salivary glands?

A
  1. Von Ebner’s glands (IX)

2. Labial, Palatal, Buccal, Lingual

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9
Q

What kind of gland is the parotid gland?

A

serous gland. SEcretes a watery saliva and is the main source of the enzyme amylase which initiates the breakdown of starch.

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10
Q

What kind of glands are von ebners glands?

A

serous

Enzyme: Lingual lipase (breaks down Fatty acids and tryglycerides.)

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11
Q

Major functions of the saliva

A
  1. protection –> Mucins
  2. buffering –> Bicarbonate
  3. tooth integrity –> Proline rich proteins and statherin
  4. antimicrobial –> Lysozyme, peroxdiase, defensins, histatins, IgA
  5. tissue repair –> growth factors
  6. Digestion –> mucins, amylase, lipase
  7. Taste –> water
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12
Q

which duct does the parotid gland release saliva?

A

stensons duct

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13
Q

Submandibular gland uses what duct?

A

whartons duct

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14
Q

Sublingual gland. Uses what ducts?

A

Bartholins and rivinus’s ducts

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15
Q

What are salivaory glands made up of (2) what do they do?

A
  1. Stroma (CT) –> supporting role –>provides structural support forming the capsule organizing gland into lobes.
  2. Parenchyma (Epi) –> do work of gland –> makes saliva and discharges it into the final destination
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16
Q

What structure does the stroma have that encompasses the salivary glands seperates it from surround tissue?

A

capsule

17
Q

What divides the salivary gland into lobes?

A

Septa

18
Q

What does the stroma contain?

A
  1. Fibroblasts–> makes collagen that is the major component of ECM
  2. BV ( supplies parenchyma)
  3. Nerve fibers (supply parenchyma.. mainly the acinar cells and myoepithilial cells)
  4. Plasma cells (secrete antibodies-IgG-one type of molecule found in saliva… plasma in the stroma make these antibodies )
  5. Fat cells (increase with age)
19
Q

What is the parenchyma comprised of (2) ?

A
  1. Acini “grapes” secretory portion. Makes saliva.

2. Ducts (intercalated ducts that carry acini crap and then send the crap to striated ducts and then excretory ducts.)

20
Q

What kinds of acini cells are there?

A

serous (partoid)
mucous (minor glands)
Mixed (submandibular and sublingual glands)

21
Q

When do salivary glands develope? what gland is first?

what is the glands origin?

A

6th week
parotid is first
then submandibular
then sublingual and minor

Origin: paranchyma

22
Q

Acini and ducts develope from _____

A

ecto and endo

23
Q

CT stroma develope from?

A

neural crest

24
Q

1 Cleft formation:

One mechanism that controls clefting is the suppression of _____ in a certain region of the cell.

A

E-Cadherin expression

25
Q

2 Cleft formation:

CLEFTIN? Why is this important? what technology was used to observe this protein?

A

SiRNA technology was used to observe this protein.
This molecule is important for branching of salivary glands. If you inhibit cleftin by using siRNA there will be less branching.

26
Q

Acini are _____ permeable and are ____ proteins

A

H20 permeable and are ISOTONIC

27
Q

Duct cells are NOT h20 permeable and are ______. they secrete:

A

hypotonic

Bicarbonate ions and proteins

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