Salbutamol (Ventolin) Flashcards
1
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Classification
A
- Bronchodilator
2. Sympathomimetic
2
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Pharmacodynamic
A
- Selective B2 stimulation - bronchodilator and some degree of vasodilation
- Some B1 effect - especially with repeated doses
- Little or no A stimulation
3
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Pharmacokinetics
A
- Nebulized
- Onset: 5 minutes
- Peak: < 1.5 to 2 hours
- Half-life: 3.8 hours
- Duration: 3 to 8 hours
4
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Indications
A
- Bronchospasm associated with asthma, bronchitis or emphysema
- Bronchospasm & wheezing secondary to other causes
- May be used in cardiac asthma - with caution
5
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Contraindications
A
- Hypersensitivity
2. Hemodynamically significant tachyarrythmias
6
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Precautions
A
- Coronary disease (Increase MVO2)
- COPD pts with degenerative heart disease
- Diabetes (Decrease effectiveness of insulin)
7
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Adverse Effects
A
- Restlessness, apprehension, fear, weakness, vertigo
- N/V
- Tachycardia, dysrythmias
- Paradoxical worsening of respiratory distress, pulmonary edema
- Sweating, pallor, flushing
8
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Toxicity
A
- Discontinue if repeated doses result in signs of Salbutamol toxicity - i.e. if HR > 150 (>200 in pediatric pt), severe tremor, ventricular dysrythmias develop
9
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Dosage
A
- 5 mg in 5 ml NS or H2O nebulized (with O2 at 6-8 L/min) - repeat doses back to back pm - watch for signs of toxicity
10
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Pediatric
A
- 0.1 mg/kg nebulized in 2-5 cc NS
11
Q
Salbutamol (Ventolin): Special Notes
A
- Also a common prescription drug - usual dose MDI is 100 ug inhaled
- B2 selectivity is lost with high dose
- 10 mg of Salbutamol may lower serum potassium by as much as 1-1.5 mEq/L (normal is 3.5-5.0 mEq/L) and is sometimes ordered in the setting of hyperkalemia
