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PCP Drug Monographs > Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine) > Flashcards

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine) Flashcards

1
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Classification

A
  1. Anti-emetic
  2. Antihistamine
  3. Anticholinergic
  4. Anti-vertigo
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2
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Mechanism

A
  1. Inhibits vestibular (labyrinth) stimulation from motion

2. Inhibits cholinergic stimulation in vestibular and reticular systems, which may cause nausea and vomiting

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3
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Indications

A
  1. Prevention or control of nausea caused by administration of narcotics and/or motion sickness
  2. Also has a mild sedative effect for patients about to be moved
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4
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Contraindications

A
  1. Known sensitivity to Dimenhydrinate,

Diphenhydramine or caffeine derivatives

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5
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Caution in patients with

A
  1. Glaucoma / Increased intraocular pressure
  2. Asthma / COPD
  3. Cardiovascular disease (ischemic heart disease and hypertension)
  4. Prostatic hyperplasia and urinary obstruction
  5. Elderly due to anticholinergic effect
  6. Caution in pregnant women (risks/benefits)
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6
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Dose

A
  1. 25 to 50 mg

2. 12.5 mg in the frail elderly patient

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7
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Route and Methods of Administration

A
  1. IM given as a direct injection
  2. IV diluted with D5W or normal saline
  3. Given over 1 minute (25 mg/min maximum)
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8
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Onset, Duration

A
  1. Almost immediate with IV injection, 3 to 6 hours
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9
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Elimination

A
  1. Metabolized in the liver, excreted in urine
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10
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - CNS

A
  1. Drowsiness
  2. Ataxia (overdose)
  3. Disorientation (overdose)
  4. Excitement
  5. Dizziness
  6. Nausea
  7. Lassitude (Lack of energy)
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11
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - CVS

A
  1. Hypotension
  2. Palpitations
  3. Bradycardia/tachycardia
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12
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - GI

A
  1. Dry mouth
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13
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - Respiratory

A
  1. Thickening of bronchial secretions

2. Dry throat

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14
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Side Effects - GU

A
  1. Dysuria
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15
Q

Dimenhydrinate (Gravol, Dramamine): Special Considerations

A
  1. Most side effects are dose-related

2. Discontinue if exaggerated side effects occur

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PCP Drug Monographs (5 decks)

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