Safety Standards Deo Version Flashcards
How did the job landscape in the U.S.A. shift in the 1900s?
there was a gradual shift of jobs from fishing, farming, logging, and manufacturing
into retail, sales, and services. This shift led to a noticeable reduction in workplace fatalities.
How dangerous was mining in the 1900s based on the fatality rate?
for every 100,000 miners, approximately 300 died each year.
In the era before OSHA, how did employers view accidents and their liabilities?
Before OSHA, accidents in the U.S.A. were considered cheap since there were no concrete laws regarding worker’s safety.
Employers often argued that workers had accepted the inherent risks of their jobs and could thereby deny liability for accidents.
What percentage of workers were compensated after workplace-related accidents before OSHA, and how much were they compensated?
Only about half of the workers
half a year’s pay.
How did the fatality rate change from the years 1910-1937 to 1937-1939?
fatality rate decreased from 44.1 (deaths per 1,000,000 man-hours) in the years 1910-1937 to 11.7 (deaths per 1,000,000) in the years 1937-1939.
What significant act was passed in 1936, and under which president’s initiative?
Walsh–Healey Public Contracts Act of 1936
President Franklin Roosevelt.
What were the circumstances leading to the establishment of OSHA post World War 2?
Post World War 2, the economic expansion in the 1960s led to rising injury rates.
These increasing injuries, coupled with political pressures, prompted Congress to establish the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the
Mine Safety and Health Administration in 1970.
When did OSHA officially go into effect?
April 1971
How many work-related fatalities were recorded in the U.S.A. in the year 1970?
there were 14,000 fatalities due to work-related accidents and injuries.
By 2009, how many work-related fatalities were recorded in the U.S.A.?
fewer than 5,000
When was the Occupational Safety and Health Standard (OSHS) formulated in the Philippines?
1978 in the Philippines.
What purpose did the OSHS serve for the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)?
tool for maintaining a safe and conducive working environment.
Which president signed Executive order no. 307, and what was the main focus of this order?
Corazon Aquino signed Executive order no. 307 in 1987, which established the Occupational Safety and Health Center (OSHC), a dedicated organization for promoting and enforcing safety and health standards.
Define process safety management.
a regulatory standard for processes that use Highly Hazardous Chemicals (HHCs) with the aim of preventing catastrophic releases of toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive chemicals.
Which regulatory body issued the process safety management standard?
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) issued the process safety management standard
is described as a substance that enters into a chemical reaction with other stable or unstable material.
reactive material
is defined as an airborne agent that could result in acute adverse human health effects.
toxic material
a gas that can burn with a
flame if mixed with a gaseous
oxidizer such as air and then
ignited
Flammable
a chemical that causes a sudden release
of pressure, gas, and heat when
subjected to sudden shock, pressure, or
high temperature
Explosive
What quantities make a process fall under the PSM standard according to OSHA?
applies to any process involving a chemical with quantities at or above the specified threshold and any process involving a Category 1 flammable gas or a flammable liquid with a flashpoint below 100 °F (37.8 °C) and in a quantity of 10,000 pounds (4535.9 kg) or more.
For which situations is compliance with PSM not required?
Compliance with PSM is not required when hydrocarbon fuels are used solely for workplace consumption, when flammable liquids are kept below their normal boiling point, in retail facilities, during oil or gas well drilling or servicing operations, and in normally unoccupied remote facilities.
What is the primary law governing workplace safety in the Philippines, and what does it encompass?
The primary law governing workplace safety in the Philippines is the Occupational Safety and Health Standards (OSHS).
The OSHS sets out a comprehensive list of safety standards that employers must comply with, covering areas from electrical to fire safety to protect workers from various hazards.
