Safety & Materials Period 1 (CND) Flashcards
Ductile Iron Has what in it?
Usually Magnesium
Cast iron is found in one of two form?
Graphite flakes or Chemically dissolved
Minimum weight of DWV cast iron soil pipe in Alberta?
18kn or 4000lbs
Another name for Cleanouts?
Barrett
Caulking lead must be how pure?
97.3%
Cutting a short piece of cast iron with snap cutters you should?
Place a smaller diameter piece of cast iron inside the larger piece to prevent the cutoff shooting out.
Amount of lead required in a joint?
3/4 pound per inch diameter
Torque required to tighten MJ screws?
55 to 60 inch pounds
Cutting of glass pipe is done with a ?
Glass cutter
3 hazards of working with fibre glass pipe?
Dust, fumes & chemicals
Alberta building code: The minimum size of flashing is?
20”x20” or 500mmx500mm
Chemical symbol for lead?
Pb
The word plumber comes from where? and what does it mean?
Comes from the Latin word PLUMBUM and means worker of lead.
A pound of lead per square foot results in a sheet of lead being?
1/65 thick
Flashing are typically _____pounds of lead & are _____ of an inch thick.
5lbs & 5/64
Vitrified clay pipe will carry every known chemical except?
Hydrofluoric acid
4 trade names for non-metallic pipe made of asbestos?
Trasite, Roxite, eternite, & Century
when bevelling or cutting asbestos cement pipe you need?
Protection from inhalation of the fibres
Disadvantage of using cement joints in a trench?
It is difficult for the cement to set up if there is water in the trench.
4 reasons for supporting pipe?
*to carry the weight, *grade the pipe, *prevent sagging or deflection of the pipe, * allow for thermal movement & settlement of the building,
3 points that should be considered when deciding on the spacing for hangers on a steel pipe?
*the material from which the pipe is made, *type & location of the joints, *& size of the piping.
Another word for Deviation from the centre line or snaking?
Deflection
Slope on the pipe to ensure the movement of the contents in the piping system
Grade
Max Hanger Spacing: 1/2” or less Horizontal?
2m or 6ft
Max Hanger Spacing: 3/4” to 1” Horizontal?
2.5m to 8ft
Max Hanger Spacing: 1-1/4” to 2-1/2” Horizontal?
3m or 10ft
Max Hanger Spacing: 3” to 4” Horizontal?
5m or 15ft
Max Hanger Spacing: 5” to 8” Horizontal?
6m or 20ft
Max Hanger Spacing: 10” or larger Horizontal?
8m or 25ft
Max Hanger Spacing: 1-1\4” or lager vertical?
Every floor but more than 125% of horizontal spacing
Tubing, Copper, Aluminum, Stainless steel, Horizontal or vertical. all sizes?
2m or 6ft
Fasteners that are to be placed in a wall, ceiling or floor you should give consideration to what?
Unseen hazards in the base of the material
Sheet metal screws have a greater?
Mechanical advantage than wood screws
2 categories that fasteners anchors are divided into?
Heavy duty & light duty
Lubricant trapped under a bolt or stud being tightened is called?
Hydraulic lock
The holding power of anchors is greatly influenced by?
the cleanliness of the hole
Adhesive anchors are considered to be ?
Heavy duty anchors
A metal or metallic alloy that is melted and then used to join metallic surfaces together?
Solder
What sizes are copper TUBING available in?
1/8” to 3/4”
What is the difference between Soft & Silver solder?
Soft uses temps below 575 C
and
Silver uses temps above 575 C
What are the types & colours for copper?
Type K - Green Type L - Blue Type M - Red Type H - White Type DWV - Yellow
To heat then cool which softens & makes the copper more flexible?
Annealing
What are 3 joint types & joining methods of copper?
Solder, Compressing & Flaring
The most common & oldest method of joining pipe?
Soldering
Streamline fittings are also referred to as?
Solder Fittings
The main application for type M copper is?
Light commercial buildings & residential
What is the coefficient of expansion of copper?
.0000171 per degree centigrade
Oxygen lines are run with medical type ____ copper pipe.
Types K & L
3 Applications for DWV copper?
Soil, Waste & drainage
What are the different solder types?
50/50, 95/5, lead free, Aquqsol, bridgit, & silvabrite 100
What does the 50/50 solder mean?
50% lead & 50% tin
What sizes lengths are DWV tube in?
1-1/4” to 6” and 12’ to 20’
Copper is made from ____% and has ____% impurities in it.
99.7% and .3%
Yellow Brass ____% copper ____% zinc
66% and 34%
Red brass ___% copper ___% zinc
85% and 15%
Bronze ___% copper ____% tin
90% and 10%
S.P.S means?
Standard Pipe Sizes
Copper TUBE is measured by its approx.?
ID
Copper TUBING is measured by it actual?
OD
Copper tube used on drainage & venting can be joined by 2 methods?
Soldering & MJ’s
Copper tube can be used for above ground water lines and can be joined by 4 methods?
Brazing, Soldering, Flaring, & Compression
What angle of flare is utilized in the pipe trade?
45 degree
2 purposes of fluxing?
To prevent oxidation & to promote wetting of the metal
Water lines connected to some plumbing fixtures utilize a flex tube connector. What type of seal is used?
Compression ferrule
Water lines connected to some plumbing fixtures utilize a flex tube connector. What is the minimum diameter allowed?
1/4” ID
Water lines connected to some plumbing fixtures utilize a flex tube connector. Plumbing code also stipulates a max length which is?
750mm or 30” (Clause 2.6.3.4.3)
Alloy pipe is a ferrous pipe that contains?
Iron ore, copper, Chromium
wall thickness changes as the ____ changes on the iron pipe.
ID
The ____ remains the same to enable pipe to be threaded.
OD
5 Pipe end finishes are?
- Grooved,
- Threaded,
- threaded & Coupled
- Plain,
- Bevelled
what aids in the formation & cleaning away the swarf during the threading process?
Lubrication & Cooling
Mineral-lard oils are used for?
Threading or machining copper alloys
resistance to flow through a fully open butterfly valve is?
Minimal
Non-Ferrous pipe may contain?
Copper
Grade of carbon content to manufacture steel pipe is?
.1% and .2%
The top of a thread is known as the ?
Crest
Joint compound should be applied on the ?
Male end of the pipe
True or False: Type M copper is the least wall thickness used in flaring?
False
Most used valve in the plumbing industry? and why?
Ball Valve, Because of its laminar flow easy operation & easy to repair.
To prevent backflow or reverse flow within the piping system?
Check Valves
2 types of check valves? and 3rd for Bonus.
Swing Check, Lift Check & Non slam Check
What type of valve is most suited to throttling?
Globe Valve
Why would you choose a globe valve for your system?
For adjustment and/or throttling flow
To Start and stop flow nd can be used in any application?
Ball Valve
Sulphured oils have a tendency to stain certain non-ferrous metals such as copper. What oil is used more often?
Mineral lard oils
What materials (7) is soluble oil used for?
Cast iron, malleable iron, free machining steel, monel, brass, copper and aluminium
Never use a spiral reamer with a ?
Power vise
3 advantages to copper tube over steel pipe?
Malleability, ductility, good resistance to corrosion
3 applications of type K copper tube?
Water service lines, water distribution lines, low pressure steam lines, heating system, gas fitting & DWV systems
What is the disadvantage of copper over iron or steel?
Its high rate of coefficient expansion
uses thread cutting oil or thread cutting compounds?
Steel & wrought iron
Uses a special high sulphur content cutting oil?
stainless steel
Uses mineral lard oil?
Copper pipe
Uses soapy water?
Brass pipe
Use a lubricant for oil less cutters
Plastic Pipe
Which valves can accommodate flow in either direction?
Gate, Ball, Plug, Butterfly
4 types of disc design for globe valves?
Needle valve, Plug disc, conventional disc, & composition disc
Threads do not come in contact with fluid?
OS&Y valve (Outside, Screw & Yoke)
1 type of quarter turn valve?
Plug or Ball valve
A horizontal lift, vertical lift & swing are types of?
Check valves
most common application of a plug valve?
Gas fitting
Specific reference to a gate valve, the _____ wedge disc design is most commonly used.
Split
Compared to a straight pattern globe valve, flow through the angle pattern globe valve is?
Less turbulent
K & L soft temper type tubing is most commonly used for?
Residential underground water systems
True or False: Is brass a ferrous metal?
False
True or False: Cast iron pipe is not approved for residential service?
False
Max. working temp. of ABS pipe?
180F or 83C
Max. working temp. and pressure of CPVC pipe?
212F or 100C and 58psi or 400kpa
True or False: Can you use system 15 pipe cement with out primer?
True you can use system 15 without primer
What colour is fire suppression CPVC piping?
orange
The only plastic pipe schedule that can be threaded is?
Schedule 80
Define Nesting?
Smaller diameter pipes stored inside larger diameter pipes.
Dunnage should not be spaced more than?
3ft or 1m
Dizziness or a feeling of euphoria is usually the first signs of ?
lack of oxygen
Solvent cementing is to be done in temps between?
5C (40F) & 44C (112F)
2 classes of plastic pipe?
Thermoplastic & thermosetting
Co-efficient of expansion of ABS & PVC plastic pipe?
ABS - .000099C or .000055F
PVC- .0000594C or .000033F
UV sunlight will do what to plastic pipe?
cause deterioration of the pipe.
Advantages of plastic pipe over ferrous pipe?
Low absorption rate, Light in weight, easily prefabricated, easy methods of joining, economical, absorbs vibration & shock well, Smoother bore, less friction loss, high corrosion resistance, unaffected by electronic corrosion, resistant to a wide range of chemicals
Disadvantages of plastic pipe?
High co-efficient of expansion, low tensile strength, Creep, deformation under load, low heat resistance, low ductility, low fire resistance
Name 3 plastic type materials that are best suited for acid waste & vents?
Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Proxylene
Type of plastic very similar to polypropylene & its colour?
Proxylene and Blue
Polypropylene pipes & fittings are what colour?
Brown
Plumbing code states rigid plastic pipe must be supported every _____ & flex plastic pipe should be supported _____.
1.2m (4ft), .8m (30”)
Plastic acid waste pipes maybe joined by?
Fusion welds & Acid resistant MJ’s
Standard length of DWV plastic pipe?
12ft
2 types of plastic tube best suited for radiant panel heating?
Pex & PE/AL/PE
3 types of plastic pipe for domestic water?
PEX, PE/AL/PE & Polyethylene
2 types of plastic pipe for hot water heating systems?
PEX, & PE/AL/PE
Required to be absolutely clean & free of rust, grease, paint & other matter?
Pickled & oiled pipe
Pitch decreases as the bolt size increases. A 3/8” bolt has ____ threads
16 threads
Pitch decreases as the bolt size increases. A 1/2” bolt has _____threads.
13 threads
Pitch decreases as the bolt size increases. A 5/8” bolt has ____ threads.
11 threads
Standard threads have a slight taper so when they are tightened into a good fitting a_____?
Good leak proof seal results
Which pipe needs cleaner/primer before applying solvent cement?
PVC Pipe
2 types of plastic pipe that produce toxic gases?
PVC & CPVC
3 types of plastic that can be joined with solvent cement?
ABS, PVC, CPVC
Prior to assembly of a compression joint it is critical that the tube be cut?
Square & cleaned of any burrs internally & externally
To move very slowly in the hangers as with expansion or contraction of the plastic pipe due to temp. change?
Creep
If we have a proper thread we should be able to hand tighten the joint?
3-4 turns
65 R self centring hand threader will cut on pipe sizes?
1” to 2”
ABS/PVC DWV horizontal piping must be installed with pipe supports every?
1m or 3ft
In a 2”x2”x1” tee the one refers to the ?
Branch
True or False: Copper tube K, L, & M are only available in coil for soft copper?
False
The schedule number for double extra strong pipe is?
160
True or False: Silicon is the element added to duriron that is responsible for its unique properties?
True
True or False: A socket weld fitting has 2 weld locations 1 inside & 1 outside?
False
The basic types of valves used in the pipe trade that can’t be throttled?
Plug & gate valves,
Check & Ball valves
Riser clamps are available in what sizes?
1/2” to 20”
When installing a dummy leg to support a piping system you must ensure?
the dummy leg is equipped with a vent & weep hole to allow condensate to drain & allow built up gases to escape
which type of flange is welded to the pipe in two places?
lap-joint flange
True or False: the laying length of a cast iron hub & spigot pipe is measured from where the bottom of the bell to the end of the pipe?
True
True or False: Gate valves come with solid & split wedges?
True
Which of the following materials could pipe for the pipe trades be manufactured from?
Wood, Plastic, Steel, & Lead
True or False: Cross linked polyethylene pipe comes in 20’ straight lengths & 100’ coils?
True
True or False: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene comes in bell & spigot lengths?
False
True or False: The type of steel pipe used for domestic water lines in commercial use would be galvanized ?
True
Yellow solvent cement is used with which type of cement?
ABS
A 4” cast iron 1/6 bend would be considered to be a ?
22-1/2 degree elbow
The melting temp. of tin is?
450*F
the measurement from the face of a standard black fitting to centre of the fitting is called?
the throw
The thread angle on a tapered thread is?
60 degrees
The abbreviation “NPT” stands for?
National Pipe Thread
Type M Copper pipe____ be bent.
Can not
Asbestos cement pipe installed above ground vertically must be supported every?
7.5m or 25ft
The amount of lead required for a hot poured vertical cast iron joint is?
3/4” of a pound for every 1” diameter.
or
1-1/2” of a pound for every 2” in diameter
True or False: DWV copper pipe should not be bent?
true
4 of the most common ways to weld steel pipe are?
ERW, Spiral wed, Butt-weld, Seamless weld
True or False: Type H copper pipe has the thinnest wall?
true
Why do most tape measures have a loose end that slightly moves?
To compensate for the inside & outside measurements
Why should the acetylene torch valve always be set to work above the smoke range?
It reduces the possibility of back fire & burn backs.
Class C fire is classified as?
electrical
Most pliers exert pressure on the grasping end through a version of a _______.
First class lever
The recommended shank penetration when fastening into concrete?
6 to 8 times the shank diameter.
Where are fusible plugs used?
on top & bottom of acetylene tanks
The side rail of every ladder shall extend what minimum distance above any platform?
3ft or 1m
Type of knot or bend used for tying two ropes of different diameters?
Sheet bend
when must you wear safety glasses?
when there is a danger of injury or irritation to your eyes
True or False: prior to installing a new disc on a grinder you should always perform a ring check of the disc & install only discs that have a lower RPM rating?
False
True or False: Whenever possible, wrench handles should be pushed not pulled?
False
How many studs are required for bolting up a 12” flange?
20 bolts
What is the purpose of the packing nut in a valve?
To prevent fluid leakage
What recommended bevel angle should be ground onto the flat end of a pipe to be welded?
37-1/2 degrees
What is used to check the temp of the plastic for fusion welding?
temp Sticks
The plastic pipe used for underground gas line is?
HDPE
What does the schedule number of a pipe designate?
the pressure/stress ratio x1000
Socket weld fittings are commonly used to join?
2” or smaller diameter piping
An marker used to mark steel pipe for cutting?
Wraparound
A weld neck flange is welded in how many locations?
1 location
What approximate bevel angle must be placed on a pipe prior to welding?
37.5 degree
What is the best tool for removing burrs or slag from the inside diameter of pipe that is cut?
Half round bastard fie
What face must be ground on the bevel prior to butt welding?
Root face
Large bore piping that requires regular disassembly should be joined by?
Flanged connections
The most common cast iron flanges are also known as?
Companion flanges
A flange that is beveled and has a land (root face) is known as a ?
Weld neck flange
Which types of flanges always come in a matched set?
Orifice
Raised face flanges have face heights of?
1/16
What gasket is always used with a flat face flange?
Full Face
A slip on flange is welded in how many locations?
2 locations
A van stone flange is known by what other name?
Lap joint
Gasket material should be stored in a?
Cool dry location
For easy future removal or opening of flanged joints, apply?
Graphite or non-stick compound to one or both surfaces of the gasket
Which tool should be used to separate two flanges?
Flange spreader
When installing gaskets, pay careful attention to the type of fluid in the line and match the gasket to the?
Pressure and temperature of the line.
Class A fire is classified as?
Ordinary Combustibles
Class B fire is classified as?
Flammable liquids and gases
Class C fire is classified as?
Electrical
When is it necessary to install guardrails around the perimeter of the roof?
for a worker to fall a vertical distance greater than 3.5 metres from a
temporary work area or 1.2 metres from a permanent work area
Class D fire classified as?
Combustible metals
Class K fire classified as?
Combustible oil or grease
If you are an apprentice and are entitled to Workers’ compensation because of an accident, how much compensation will you receive? Workers’ Compensation Act Section 62(2)
an amount that may be adjusted during the time you have become qualified in your trade
Who is responsible for the actual usage of the personal protective equipment supplied?
You the employee
Hex keys are available in _____ and _____ sizes.
Metric and Imperial
A hacksaw blade with _____ teeth per inch is recommended to cut type M copper tube.
32
True or False: An “excavation” is defined as: Any dug out area of ground other than a trench, tunnel, underground shaft or an open pit mine.
true
What are two advantages of cast iron over copper tube for use in a drainage, waste or vent system?
Better corrosion resistance, Lower expansion rate
True or False: It is recommended that all valves be installed in the horizontal position.
False
What is meant by the term alloy as applied to the manufacture of ferrous pipe?
Other metals mixed with iron to produce special qualities in pipe
True or False: Copper pipe is measured by its approximate ID up to 6” and by its actual OD for 8” and over.
False
What are the three basic flange face types of gaskets?
Full face, Flat ring and Metallic
The two materials that are not safe to fasten to when using an explosive actuated tool are?
Tempered steel, Spring steel
When checking the diameter of a rope, the size must always be taken:
across the widest point
True or False: The teeth of a hacksaw blade face backward, so the cutting is done with the pull stroke?
False
What is the minimum recommended thickness of concrete that you can safely fasten to?
75mm or 3 inches
Oil or grease in contact with pure oxygen can?
React violently and cause an explosion.
The wide rollers found on a pipe cutter help prevent the _____.
Cutter wheel from spiralling along the pipe
Before entering a vessel to make repairs, a plumber should insist on testing the vessel for:
fumes and oxygen deficiency.
Mushroomed areas of chisels must be _____.
Ground away to prevent flying splinters that pose a potential hazard
Safe working load is the:
breaking strength divided by the safety factor.
Yes or No:Can a competent worker designated by the employer remove a lockout device or tag as long
as he/she has first ensured that no workers will be endangered by the removal?
Yes
When working around welding operations you must wear eye protection due to three types of harmful rays that you may encounter. What are the three types of harmful rays?
Visible, Infrared , Ultraviolet
What is the proper formula used to calculate the centre to face measurement for a 90º, long radius butt weld elbow?
NPS x 1½
Most pliers exert pressure on the grasping end through a version of a _____.
First class lever
What is the recommended shank penetration for good holding power when fastening into concrete?
Six to eight times the shank diameter`
The side rails of every ladder shall extend what minimum distance above any platform or landing?
3 feet/ 1 meter
The hook or tang of a tape measure is loose in order to accommodate _____.
Inside measurements by allowing for the hook or tang thickness
The type of knot or bend used for tying two ropes of different diameters together is the:
sheet bend.
When must you wear safety glasses?
When there is a danger of injury or irritation to your eyes.
True or False:Prior to installing a new disc on a grinder you should always perform a ring check of the disc and install only discs that have an rpm rating lower than the RPM rating of the tool?
False
When tightening a fitting onto a pipe, the fitting should be turned by hand approximately 4 to 6½ times and made up with the aid of a wrench approximately _____ to _____ turns.
2 to 3 turns
What is the purpose of the Packing nut in a valve?
To hold the packing which prevents fluid leakage
What does the schedule number of a pipe designate?
The schedule number of a pipe designates the pressure/stress ratio X 1000.
What wrench would you use to tighten a spud nut on a water closet with? and what size does the wrench only come in?
Spud wrench and 12”
A version of a first class lever?
Pliers
A version of a third class ever?
Pry bar
Edge - the narrow section called a safe edge when no teeth are cut into it. Is on what tool?
File
NPT? and ASPT?
National Pipe Thread and American Standard Pipe Thread
Uses a blade with 32 teeth per inch on thin-walled tubing and conduit and on sheet metal thinner that 18 gauge?
Hacksaw
3 cardinal rules of tool maintenance?
Clean, Oil & replace
How many strokes per minute should you stroke a hacksaw?
40 to 50 strokes
The employer shall ensure that cylinders containing acetylene are?
Secured in a vertical position
If you are to use CO2 for freezing, what is the first thing to check for?
That you have enough CO2 on hand to complete the job.
Files cut when _____ ______ only.
Pushed Forward
What must take place in solids and liquids before burning can occur (before the fuel can ignite into flames)?
Vaporization of the surface must take place.
True or False: A trench is defined as an elongated dug out area of ground whose depth is equal to its width at the bottom?
False
Why are the cylinder valves cracked before the regulators are attached?
To remove dust or dirt from the cylinder valve.
True or False: The two purpose of the lead in a caulked cast iron joint are to seal the joint and prevent the oakum from peeling out over time?
False
Before butt welding plastic pipe and fittings, you must ensure that the_____.
The pipe ends are square.
How much does a thread taper amount to if extended to 1 FT in length?
The taper amount is 3/4” increase in diameter at 12”.
The loss of pressure in the line caused by the valve or fitting in relationship to a length of pipe is defined as?
Equivalent length.
Four characteristic properties of gray cast iron are?
Hard, Brittle, Good wear resistance, Good corrosion resistance
When must your employer ensure that you are wearing safety footwear?
Where danger of injury to your feet exists.
What is the primary safety feature of an industrial plant site?
Automatic sprinkler system.
When are you ineligible for compensation as the result of an accident?
If the injury is attributable primary to your serious and wilful misconduct.
Above what height must an employer have a guardrail erected for a temporary work area?
3 meters
At what height must guardrails be installed on scaffold platforms?
Not less than .92m nor more than 1.07m
If platforms are a specified height, a toe-board must be installed when there may be workers below. What is the platform height that requires toe-boards to be installed?
For materials to fall more than 2m or 4m from a temporary platform.
What is the minimum distance from the edge of the trench that the material removed from an excavation (spoil pile) must be kept?
3.28ft or 1 meter
True or False: It is a workers responsibility to ensure that he/she is wearing appropriate eye protection when there is a danger of injury to the eye?
False
True or False: The load to which a scaffold is subjected should at no time exceed the equivalent of 1/2 of the load for which it is designed?
False
True or False: When installing shoring in a trench, a worker shall use a ladder and work upward from the bottom of the trench?
False
True or False: A worker shall not work 1m from the top of a portable single or extension ladder?
False
Housekeeping which provides safe working conditions shall be ensured by the?
Employer
Workers and equipment shall not operate within ____ meters of live overhead power lines.
7 meters
Operators of explosive activated fastening tools must be _____ and _____ in the use of each model of tool the operator may be called on to use.
Instructed and Trained
True or False: A worker shall grind on the side of an abrasive wheel but shall not a adjust a tool rest while the grinder is in motion?
False
Sharp edges which could cause damage to rigging equipment must be?
Guarded
Wooden scaffolding must be made of ______ ______ lumber and must have a strength _____ times the weight of the load.
Unpainted, dressed lumber and a strength 4 times the weight of the load.
True or False: A trench is defined as an elongated dug out area of ground whose depth is equal to its width at the bottom.
False
True or False: All ingredients of the controlled product are listed in the MSDS?
False
