Safety Features

Question 1

Noninterchangeable gas-specific connections to pipeline inlets (DISS) with pressure gauges, filter, & check valve

Answer 1

Prevent incorrect pipeline attachments; detect failure, depletion, or fluctuation

Question 2

Pin index safety system (PISS) for cylinders with pressure gauges, & at least one oxygen cylinder

Answer 2

Prevent incorrect cylinder attachments; provide backup gas supply; detect depletion

Question 3

Low O2 pressure alarm

Answer 3

Detect O2 supply failure at the common gas inlet

Question 4

Minimum O2/N2O ratio controller device (hypoxic guard)

Answer 4

Prevent delivery of less than 21% O2

Question 5

O2 failure safety device (shut-off or proportioning device)

Answer 5

Prevent administration of N2O or other gases when the O2 supply fails

Question 6

O2 must enter the common manifold downstream to other gases

Answer 6

Prevent hypoxia in event of proximal gas leak

Question 7

O2 concentration monitor & alarm

Answer 7

Prevent administration of hypoxic gas mixtures in event of a low-pressure system leak; precisely regulate O2 concentration

Question 8

Automatically enabled essential alarms & monitors (ex. O2 concentration)

Answer 8

Prevent use of the machine without essential monitors

Question 9

Vaporizer interlock device

Answer 9

Prevent simultaneous administration of more than one volatile agent

Question 10

Capnography & anesthetic gas measurement

Answer 10

Guide ventilation; prevent anesthetic overdose; help reduce awareness

Question 11

O2 flush mechanism that does not pass through vaporizers

Answer 11

Rapidly refill or flush the breathing circuit

Question 12

Breathing circuit pressure monitor & alarm

Answer 12

Prevent pulmonary barotrauma & detect sustained positive, high peak, & negative airway pressures

Question 13

Exhaled volume monitor

Answer 13

Assess ventilation & prevent hypo- or hyperventilation

Question 14

Pulse oximetry, BP, & ECG monitoring

Answer 14

Provide minimal standard monitoring

Question 15

Mechanical ventilator

Answer 15

Control alveolar ventilation more accurately & during muscle paralysis for prolonged periods

Question 16

Scavenger system

Answer 16

Prevent contamination of the OR with waste anesthetic gases

Question 17

O2 Fail-Safe Device/Alarm

Answer 17

Device that shuts off or proportionally decreases all gases except oxygen or alarms when oxygen pressure has fallen to a dangerous level (usually <30 psig)
Depends on pressure, not flow
Old Excel Device Stops all gas except O2
Drager decreases N2O Proportionally