Safety Flashcards
4 main types of electrical injuries
- electrocution (death due to electrical shock)
- electrical shock
- burns
- falls
The OSHA Act became law in _____.
1970
Before OSHA, more than _____ annual deaths were registered in the workplace.
14,000
Today, despite OSHA’s ongoing efforts, daily averages of ___ American workers are still dying due to occupational related injuries and illnesses.
15
Section 5(a)(1) of the OSHA Act is referred to as the _____.
The General Duty Clause
A horizontal standard is one that ____.
Covers all activities
What are Imminent danger; Catastrophes and fatalities; Employee complaints; and Programmed Inspections
OSHA Priority Levels for inspection
If an employer wishes to contest a citation, they must do so within ____ days in writing.
15
All citations shall be posted by the employer at or near the site of the violation for a period of ___ days.
3
A ____ violation is one that is likely to cause death or physical injury. It carries a fine of up to $7,000.
Serious
_____ violations carry possible criminal prosecution with them whenever issued by a CSHO. It’s fines can be up to $250,000.
Egregious
Section 5(a)(1)(b) refers to _____ to OSHA Act standards.
Employee Responsibility
_____ violations are not likely to cause death or serious injury. They can carry fines less than $1,000.
Other than serious
Employers that are self-employed ____ covered by OSHA standards.
Are Not
Consensus standards are developed by ______.
Industry wide organizations
All fatalities or catastrophes involving three or more hospitalized employees must be reported to OSHA within ____.
8 hours
Organizations may be fined up to _____ per willful violation.
$70,000
The ____ is the employer whose actual employees are being exposed to a hazard.
Exposing
The ____ employer is one who caused the hazard.
Creating
The _____ employer is responsible by contract for safety and health on the worksite.
Controlling
The ____ employer has the actual responsibility for eliminating the hazard.
Correcting
Statistics show that a recordable incident resulting in lost days from work may result in an estimated cost exceeding $_____ per occurrence.
100,000
True or False: OSHA standards, as well as letters of interpretation, may be accessed online at www.osha.gov.
TRUE
More than 90% of workplace fatalities happen to _____ workers.
Male
OSHA’s primary mission is too _____.
Protect the safety and health of American workers
After having performed a preoperational workplace inspection, a hazardous condition is discovered in your section. What is the first thing you should do?
Notify the employer of the hazards existence
What does HCS stand for?
Hazard Communication Standard
The most violated section of the HCS involves ____.
The employer not having a written HCS program
True or False: Employers are permitted to store MSDS’s on a computer terminal, provided that the employees have access to the computer terminals during the work shift.
TRUE
If there is no MSDS reference in the workplace, as an employee, you should ____.
Notify your supervisor
True or False: When transferring a hazardous chemical from one container to another, a label is not required as long as you are the only person using the chemical during that work shift.
TRUE
OSHA recognizes the _____ as the maximum concentration of exposure that an employee may be exposed to during an eight hour period.
Permissible Exposure Limit
Skin irritation is an example of ____.
An acute reaction
The red section on a self-made label refers to ____.
Flammability
The white section on a self-made label refers to ____.
PPE/ other information
The yellow section on a self-made label refers to ____.
Reactivity
The blue section on a self-made label refers to ____.
Health Hazard
Silicosis is an example of a(n) ____.
Chronic Disease
The ____ inventory is a means of cataloging the chemicals found on site, sharing information with contractors working on site, and also called/referred to as the Chemical list.
Right to Know
MSDS’s for chemicals that are no longer in use at the establishment are to be kept by the employer for a period of ____ years.
30
The numeric rankings of chemical warnings for hazards found on labels range from ___ to ___.
0 to 4
What is required to be listed on a label?
The chemical name, the common name, and the emergency number
The hazard communication standard provides for ___, ____, and _____.
Training, labeling, and MSDS retention
Employees may obtain a copy of a MSDS by ____.
Requesting One
_____ for hazard communication must begin when you are first hired and before you first begin working with a hazardous chemical.
Training
_____ reactions to hazardous chemical effects may include skin irritations, loss of balance, and light headedness.
Acute
Chemicals that represent a ______ include, but are not limited too, those that may result in fire, explosion, and an adverse reaction with another chemical.
Physical Hazard
True or False: Chemical ingredients that are considered to be trade secrets do not need to be listed on a MSDS, however the chemical hazards from associated with the ingredients are required to be listed on the MSDS.
TRUE
Each year, more than ___ American workers die as a result with silicosis.
300
Silica is the ____ most common mineral in the earth’s crust.
second
More than ___ million U.S. workers are exposed to crystalline silica.
One
_____ silicosis usually occurs after 10 or more years of exposure.
Chronic
In addition to silicosis, ______ of crystalline silica particles has been associated with bronchitis, tuberculosis, and lung cancer.
Inhalation
True or False: Typical sand found at the beach does not pose a silicosis threat.
TRUE
True or False: There is no cure for silicosis, but the disease is 100% preventable if employers, employees, and health professionals work together to reduce occupational exposures.
TRUE
More than ____workers in the U.S. encounter high-risk silica exposures through sandblasting, rock drilling, and mining.
100,000
Chronic silicosis, the most common form of the diseases, may go undetected for years in the early stages. A chest X-ray may not reveal an abnormality until after ____ years of exposure.
15 to 20
Accelerated silicosis results from higher exposures than to chronic silicosis and develops over ____ years.
1 to 2
____ silicosis occurs where exposures are the highest and can cause symptoms to develop within a few weeks or up to 5 years.
Acute
It is the employer’s responsibility to label any product that contain ___% of silica.
0.1
Hawk’s Nest contributed to the passage of the _____ act, which made it unlawful for companies supplying the federal government with contract work to allow such work to be performed under unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous conditions. The act remains in effect today.
Walsh-Healy
Ventilation
Engineering Control
Improved Training Program
Administrative Control
Respirator usage
Personal Protective Equipment
The PEL for silica exposure is taken from OSHA’s ___ tables.
Z
During construction of the Hawks Nest Tunnel, approximately ___% of the tunnel’s workforce was made up of uneducated and unskilled african-americans.
76
Almost 5,000 men were used to construct the tunnel. NIOSH estimated that _____ workers died as a result to crystalline silica exposures.
1200 to 1500
True or False: Noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most common occupational illnesses. It is often ignored because there are no visible effects. It usually develops over a long period of time, and, except in very rare cases, there is no pain.
TRUE
Any condition in the outer or middle ear that interferes with sound passing to the inner ear is classified as a ____ hearing loss.
Conductive
Chronic noise-induced hearing loss is a permanent ____ condition that cannot be treated medically.
Sensorineural
_____ describes a condition known as ringing in the ears.
Tinnitus
____ describes a condition of hearing loss due to aging.
Prebycusis
_____ describes a condition of hearing loss due to exposure to mumps, rubella, or head trauma.
Nosoacusis
____ refers to a temporary or permanent condition caused by a sudden intense noise event such as an explosion.
Acoustic Trauma
Whenever sound waves approach ____ decibels over an eight hour time frame exposure, hearing damage may result from the exposure.
85
True or False: Hearing loss can be reversed.
FALSE
As a general rule of thumb, in the workplace if you cannot carry on a reasonable conversation at a distance of ___ft, you need hearing protection.
3
True or False: Wearing ear muffs along with ear plugs can increase your hearing protection factor.
TRUE
True or False: All new employee’s should be given a baseline audiogram, and annually thereafter if possible, so that if there is a noise issue there is data to compare it to.
TRUE
Testing to establish a baseline audiogram shall be preceded by at least ____ hours without exposure to workplace noise.
14
True or False: The hearing conservation program shall be provided at no cost to employees.
TRUE
The most violated OSHA standard in electrical safety involves ____.
Grounding
A metered voltage difference between two levels in a circuit is called a _____.
Short circuit
Voltage is a also referred to as ____.
Electrical pressure
The term ohms refers to the amount of _____ found in a circuit.
Resistance
Current is measured in ______.
Amperes
A _____ is used to protect equipment from line surges and lightning.
System ground
True or False: A GFCI protects against a measurable difference in current, but does not protect against overload.
TRUE
_____ are rated by voltage, amperage, and wether they are fast blowing or slow blowing.
Fuses
There must be at least ____ ft of electrical clear work space maintained in front of all electrical panels.
3
All temporary electrical power cords used in construction work must be _____ protected.
GFCI and assured grounding
According to the National Electrical Code all temporary power cords shall be at least ____ or larger in size.
3-Dec
Impedance in AC circuits also refers to ____.
Resistance
True or False: Given a pathway, electricity always flows in a circuit.
TRUE
____ and _____ are examples of semi-conductors.
Silica and Germanium
Extension cord sets used with portable electric tools and appliances shall be of three-wire type and shall be designed for ____ and ____ usage.
Hard and Extra Hard
Hard service flexible cords Number ___ or larger may be repaired if spliced so that the splice retains the insulation, outer sheath properties, and usage characteristics of the cord being spliced.
12
True or False: Fixtures, lampholders, lamps, rosettes, and receptacles shall have no live parts normally exposed to employee contact. However, rosettes and cleat-type lampholders and receptacles lovated at least 8 ft above the floor may have exposed parts. Its deemed guarded by height.
TRUE
True or False: All receptacles installed outdoors in a location protected from the weather or damp locations shall have weatherproof covers when the receptacles are not in use.
TRUE
True or False: Fuses and circuit breakers protect equipment by tripping due to over current.
TRUE
Each year, OSHA cites nearly ____ citations for improper grounding. Most normally its a broken ground prong.
20,000
