SACHARIDY (1) Flashcards

1
Q

Jaká je struktura sacharidů?

A

Uhlíkatý řetěz s 1 karbonylovou a několika hydroxylovými skupinami

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2
Q

Co jsou aldosy?

A

Odvozeny od glyceraldehydu

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3
Q

Co jsou ketosy?

A

Odvozeny od dihydroxyacetonu

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4
Q

Co je epimerie?

A

Izomery se liší polohou jedné nebo více hydroxylových skupin

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5
Q

Vyjmenujte cukerné alkoholy

A
  • mannitol
  • sorbitol
  • maltitol
  • laktitol
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6
Q

Jaké typy sacharidů jsou neredukující?

A

Vazba 1,1 či 1,2 -O-glykosidová

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7
Q

Jaké typy sacharidů jsou redukující?

A

Vazba 1,4-O-glykosidová

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8
Q

Jaký je chemický vzorec sacharózy?

A

Alfa-D-glukopyranosyl-beta-D-fruktofuranosid

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9
Q

Jaké monosacharidy tvoří laktosu?

A

Galaktosa a glukóza

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10
Q

Jaký je chemický vzorec cellobiosy?

A

4-O-beta-D-glukopyranosyl-alfa-D-glukopyranosa

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11
Q

Jak vzniká cellobiosa?

A

Hydrolytickým štěpením celulosy enzymem celulasa

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12
Q

Jaký je chemický vzorec maltosy?

A

4-O-alfa-D-glukopyranosyl-alfa-D-glukopyranosa

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13
Q

Jak vzniká maltosa?

A

Štěpením škrobu nebo glykogenu

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14
Q

Jaký je chemický vzorec isomaltozy?

A

6-O-α-D-glukopyranosyl-α-D-glukopyranosa

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