SA2021 Flashcards
Which risk factor for substance use disorder is cited by the CDC for people with autism spectrum disorder?
Bullying
A system is set up where pediatrician can call child psychiatrist essentially at time of service to discuss patients with mental health needs. The child psychiatrist’s role in these “access programs” or informal consultation programs is generally to provide:
Education to the primary care provider about diagnostic and treatment options.
In a longitudinal analysis of depression/anxiety treatment for young people, when measuring treatment as usual, what was noted in regards to symptom change when compared to baseline?
A large reduction in symptoms initially
Cross cultural studies of infant temperament show that Western children differ from non-Western children in that Western children:
Demonstrate higher activity levels
As of 2020, research suggests that autism and seizures have a:
shared underlying pathology
Which class of medication is the first line treatment for catatonia in youth?
Benzodiazepines
In the presence of a family history of psychiatric disorders, harsh parenting leads to a 13-fold increase of which personality pathology?
Borderline
A pediatric oncologist calls a child psychiatrist because the mother of a 10yo girl who has just died has begun to bathe her. What should the child psychiatrist recommend the oncologist do?
Allow the mother to continue uninterrupted
Which characteristic of individuals with autism spectrum disorder makes it difficult for them to identify and report forms of sexual victimization?
Communication impairments
Sixteen years of consistent stimulant treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD (MTA) study was associated with a reduction in adult height along with an ___ in body mass index.
increase
The onset of unipolar depression occurs on average how many years earlier in people with history of childhood maltreatment compared to people without this history?
4 years earlier
In comparing children and adolescent refugee and asylum seekers displaced less than 2 years to those displaced more than 2 years, those displaced more than 2 years had higher prevalence of which disorder?
- Anxiety
- Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
- Depression
- Posttraumatic stress disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
According to a retrospective chart review, in adolescent patients with history of concussion presenting with chronic posttraumatic headaches, up to 70% met criteria for what?
Medication-overuse (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acetaminophen).
At what age do individuals generally possess the capacity to appreciate the long-term consequences of their choices?
21
Which medication is the first line treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children with intellectual disability/intellectual development disorder?
Methylphenidate
A child’s obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression worsen during the pandemic, along with intrusive thought that family members will die from COVID. To help the child accept feelings of helplessness and work on developing control of the situation and creating meaning, it is suggested to FaceTime grandparents daily and to read a story together. This approach best fits under which orientation?
Acceptance and commitment therapy
In order to best assess and treat consequences of the pandemic in youth, which developmentally informed perspective is recommended?
Trauma
It is generally acceptable to continue an effective, tolerated dose of a pharmacologic treatment for anxiety disorders for how many months after remission?
12 months
What is the most effective method for obtaining information about a pediatric patient’s gender identity and expression as well as underlying psychiatric difficulties related to gender?
Direct patient interview
In the Collaborative Lithium Trial cohort discontinuation study, which of the following clinical outcomes in the lithium treatment group was most common?
- Completed suicide
- Completed 28 weeks of the discontinuation trial
- Discontinued due to emergence of mood symptoms
- Reported 1 or more adverse events
Reported 1 or more adverse events
A 9yo boy presents to the ED due to chronic irritable and angry moods with regular temper outbursts that the parents no longer feel able to safely manage at home. Parents report that he has outbursts of anger every other day that resolve within 6-12 hours. During the most recent outburst, he threw rocks at their house and broke all the first-floor windows after parents insisted he play outside for an hour prior to using their Nintendo Switch. This description is most consistent with which psychiatric disorder?
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
According to research on the age of first suicide attempt among people with lifetime mood disorders, which of the following lifetime comorbid disorders was significantly higher among childhood (aged 5-12) attempters compared to adult attempters?
- Alcohol use disorder
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
- Eating disorder
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Posttraumatic stress disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Which of the following treatment options reduced repeat hospitalization at one-year follow-up in youth with treatment-resistance schizophrenia according to the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona study?
- ECT alone
- ECT+clonazepam
- ECT+clozapine
- ECT+risperidone
ECT+clozapine reduced repeat hospitalization at one-year follow-up in youth with treatment-resistance schizophrenia according to the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona study
Which term describes the condition in which the epileptic activity itself contributes to severe cognitive and behavioral impairments beyond what one might expect from the underlying pathology?
Epileptic encephalopathy
When compared to males with autism, females with autism are ___ likely to display restricted interests.
less
Suppression of ___ production by exposure to luminous devices has the most impact on circadian rhythm problems which lead to insomnia in the tween and teen population (more so than cognitive overstimulation related to screens, delays in time going to bed, expecting a text while in the sack).
melatonin
A parent of a depressed child in hospital refuses to allow consultation by child psychiatry consult team in hospital. The consulting psychiatrist should provide advice and support to the treating physician’s team ___ directly assessing the adolescent.
without
Which of the following educational accommodations has been shown to be effective on randomized controlled trials in children <=14 years of age?
- Breaking assignments into smaller units
- Completing tests in a smaller group
- Extended testing time
- Read aloud accommodations
Read aloud accommodations
Which families are most likely to respond to the Incredible Years Parenting Intervention?
Families with both child and parenting difficulties
Which of the following medications is currently Food and Drug Administration-approved for treatment of at least one of these conditions (social anxiety, generalized anxiety, separation anxiety, and panic disorder) in pediatric patients 6-18 years old?
- Duloxetine
- Escitalopram
- Fluoxetine
- Sertraline
- Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
Which medication has the most evidence for decreasing repetitive behaviors in children and adolescents with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorder?
- Aripiprazole
- Citalopram
- Fluvoxamine
- Fluoxetine
- Risperidone
Fluoxetine
From what source(s) are high school girls most likely to obtain and use nonmedical prescription drugs?
- Bought from a friend
- From a prior prescription
- Given free by a friend
- Multiple sources
From a prior prescription
The US Preventive Services Task Force concluded that current evidence suggests that screening for depression should begin at what age?
12 years
Video gaming has been shown to be associated with release of which neurotransmitter in the amygdala?
Dopamine
A large number of studies support the interaction between early-life stress and which neurotransmitter transporter promoter and gene polymorphism on disease vulnerability and illness course in depression and bipolar disorder?
Serotonin
Which of the following student characteristics represents the greatest risk that the student will be a future “school shooter”? The student:
- Has autism spectrum disorder and has been aggressive
- Has been making threats against peers on social media
- Has been severely bullied and is depressed
- Is white and male
Has been making threats against peers on social media
Among youth with substance use disorders, mental health service use is significantly higher in schools which:
- Are in rural settings
- Are public
- Have higher student-teacher ratios
- Use more prevention activities
Use more prevention activities
If consulting child psychiatrist learns parents of a child with serious medical illness are considering stopping the medical treatment recommended by the pediatric team and starting an alternative treatment, what would consulting child psychiatrist’s most appropriate initial response be?
Help the parents to feel comfortable discussing their interest in an alternative treatment with the pediatric team themselves
Longitudinal studies examining prospective manic episodes found what approximate percent of youth with severe mood dysregulation developed manic, mixed, or hypomanic episodes?
1%
A recent study comparing family-based treatment (FBT) for adolescents with bulimia nervosa with cognitive-behavioral therapy adapted for adolescents with bulimia nervosa showed a predictor for improved response from family-based treatment (FBT) as compared to CBT-A is what?
Lower rates of family conflict
