Prep with Dr M Flashcards
A teacher assigns each child in the class to solve as many math problems as they can on their own in a 20-minute period. The teacher makes a note of each student’s progress, divides the class into groups to further work on the problems together, and provides help to each group when members are stuck. This strategy makes use of the educational concept ___.
zone of proximal development
By age ___ years, toddlers can typically manipulate scissors.
three years
An adolescent boy was engaged in therapy lasting ten weeks. During this therapy the boy was able to relate his test-taking anxiety, chronic feeling of interpersonal inadequacy, and inaccurate sense of physical unattractiveness to an earlier relationship with his father who was often critical and harsh, and unpredictably embarrassed the boy in social settings. Therapy used most likely was ___
short-term psychodynamic
During a psychiatric evaluation, using a qualified interpreter who has proficiency in the family’s language of origin would help develop the ___ alliance between a culturally competent psychiatrist and a new immigrant patient and family.
therapeutic
A youth who has been on long-term risperidone treatment develops tardive dyskinesia which continues despite initially reducing the dose, and then sequential optimal trials of aripiprazole, olanzapine and quetiapine, each for sufficient duration and dose. The most appropriate next step is to switch to ___.
clozapine (multiple trials have shown clozapine does not worsen TD; valbenazine and deutetrabenazine are approved for TD, but not enough youth data)
The ___ ___ represents the odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of that exposure.
odds ratio
Base rates are a statistic used to describe the percentage of a population that demonstrates some characteristic. Base rates indicate probability based on the ___ of other information.
absence
Prevalence is the proportion of persons who ___ a condition at or during a particular time period.
have
Incidence refers to the proportion or rate of persons who ___ a condition during a particular time period.
develop
Cumulative incidence is calculated as the number of ___ events or cases of disease divided by the total number of individuals in the population at risk for a specific time interval.
new (if there is a time period, they mean cumulative incidence rather than prevalence)
Positive predictive value is the probability that subjects with a positive screening test truly ___ the disease.
have
***___ is an important guide when arranging the infrastructure necessary to provide telepsychiatric consultation to a school.
***Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) [HIGH YIELD]
After a recent substance abuse relapse, from an MI (Miller and Rollnick) perspective after a self-deprecating statement the following might be helpful:
“This recent relapse is making you upset because you were trying hard to stay sober”
REDS, in motivational interviewing stands for:
Roll with Resistance
Express Empathy
Develop Discrepancy
Support Self-Efficacy
In transition from in person to web-based psychotherapy for an eight year old, web-based therapy efficacy will be helped by implementation with the ___ of a parent, caregiver, or teacher.
support
*___ is the non-pharmacologic treatment of choice for ADHD validated in treatment trials.
*Behavioral parent training/Parent management training
involves appropriate behaviors, positive reinforcement is part of this
___ is one of the psychiatric disorders most likely comorbid in an adolescent with diabetes.
Major depressive disorder (Anytime looking at chronic medical disorders and co-morbidity, most often find MDD as main comorbidity)
- Which traumatic event is most commonly experienced by adolescents in the United States?
- Sexual abuse
- Natural disaster
- Physical abuse
- War-related trauma
- Death of a loved one
*Death of a loved one
A ten-year-old’s report card is all A’s, but a C in math which has always been difficult. What is an assessment instrument that would be helpful to assess the child’s academic deficit?
- Wide Range Intelligence Test
- Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (use around 5yo, some of the others can’t use that early. It is not super-standardized like WISC)
- Leiter International Performance Scale
- Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (For kids over 6 and the most standardized tests)
- Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement
-Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement (Child has all A’s except for one in a specific learning area so this it good test to hone in on the different areas)
In youth with substance use disorders, evidence suggests the chance for recovery in a peer support group is best optimized if the patient is peer-matched along which parameter?
- Age
- Gender
- Ethnicity
- Substance of choice
- Socioeconomic status
Age (Developmental level)
The MTA study at the 6-to-8 year follow up regarding ADHD treatment from childhood to adolescence suggested periodic drug holidays ___ be given to assess continued need and benefit.
Should
The classic triad of HIV-related encephalopathy in children is characterized by ___, acquired microcephaly and developmental delays.
pyramidal tract motor deficits
Illness anxiety disorder is ___ excessively that you are or may become seriously ill.
worrying
Metformin has been shown to reduce ___-___ associated with antipsychotic use.
weight-gain
***Number needed to treat is calculated as 1 / ___
***Absolute risk reduction [VERY HIGH YIELD]
In application of dialectical behavior therapy for adolescents, which of the following skills should be taught first?
- Mindfulness
- Distress tolerance
- Emotion regulation
- Self-management
- Interpersonal effectiveness
Mindfulness
