SA1 Flashcards
Its the science and Art of Preventing Disease, Prolonging Life, Promoting Health and efficiency through
organized community effort
Public health
According to _______, public health is the art of applying Science in the Context of Politics so as to Reduce Inequalities in Health while ensuring
the best health for the greatest number
WHO
Special Field of Nursing that combines the skills of nursing, public health, and social assistance for the
promotion of health, the improvement of the conditions in the social and physical environment,
rehabilitation of illness and disability
Public Health Nursing
What is this and who stated it?
- Service rendered by a professional nurse with communities, groups, families, and individuals at home, in
health centers, in clinics, in schools, in places of work for the promotion of health, prevention of illness,
care of the sick at home and rehabilitation.
Community health nursing
Ruth B. Freeman
Who stated this?
Nursing Practice in a wide variety of community services and consumer advocate areas… community
nursing is certainly not confined to public health nursing agencies
Jacobson
Who stated this?
The utilization of the Nursing Process in the Different Levels of Clientele concerned with the Promotion of Health, Prevention of Disease and Disability and Rehabilitation
Dr. Araceli Maglaya
What is the goal in CHN
To raise the level of citizenry by helping communities and
families to cope with the discontinuities
Who stated this?
The utilization of the Nursing Process in the Different Levels of Clientele concerned with the Promotion
of Health, Prevention of Disease and Disability and Rehabilitation
Dr. Araceli Maglaya
What is the philosophy of CHN
based on the worth and dignity of man (Dr. M. Shetland)
Who is the patient in CHN
Community
The (blank) is the unit of care
family
What are the 4 levels of clientele
individual, family, population group (those who share common
characteristics, developmental stages and common exposure to health problems – e.g. children,
elderly), and the community.
This theoretical model is where learning takes place in a social context. people learn from one another and that learning is promoted modeling or observing other people.
Social Learning theory
a unique clinical process which includes concepts from
nursing, mental health, social psychology, psychology, community networks, and the basic sciences
Community Mental Health Nursing
the application of nursing principles and procedures conserving the
health of workers in all occupation
Occupational Health Nursing
application of nursing theories and principles in the care of the school
population
School Health Nursing
providing nursing care to individuals and families in their own places of
residence
Home Health Care
intended to provide comfort to the terminally ill patient, improve his quality of life and provide support to the patient and family as they go through the process of dying and grieving.
Hospice Home Care
utilizes the nursing process in the care of the client in the home
setting through home visits and in public health care facilities; conducts referral of patients to
appropriate levels of care when necessary
Clinician or Health care provider
utilizes teaching skills to improve the health knowledge, skills and attitude of the individual, family and the community
Health educator
establishes linkages and collaborative relationships with other healthprofessionals, government agencies, the private sector, non government organizations and
people’s organizations to address health problems
Coordinator and collaborator
monitors and supervises the performance of midwives and other auxiliary health
workers; also initiates the formulation of staff development and training programs for midwives and
other auxiliary health workers as part of their training function as supervisors
Supervisor
influences people to participate in the overall process of community
development
Leader and change agent
influences people to participate in the overall process of community
development
Leader and chnage agent
organizes the nursing service component of the local health agency or local government unit;
also, as program manager, the PHN is responsible for the delivery of the package of services provided by
the health program to target clientele
Manager
participates in the conduct of research and utilizes research findings in practice
Researcher
What are the two basic approaches in looking at the individual?
Atomistic
Holistic
What are the perspectives in understanding the individual?
Biological (unified whole, holon, dimorphism)
Anthropological (essentialism, culture, social constructionism)
Psychological (psychosexual, paychosocial, behaviorism)
Sociological (family, kinship, social groups)
Provide examples of Vulnerable Groups
Infants and young children
school age
mothers
males
old people
adolescents
The type of assessment that responds to a particular need of a target group
problem oriented
obtain general information about the community to determine the community’s strengths and
weaknesses
• consist of collecting, organizing, synthesizing, analyzing and interpreting data
community diagnosis
obtain prevalent health conditions and risk factors (epidemiologic approach), Socio-economic
condition, and Lifestyle behaviors and attitudes that have effect on health.
comprehensive
What is the 1st step in conducting a community diagnosis?
DETERMINING THE OBJECTIVES
What is the 2nd step in conducting a community diagnosis?
DEFINING THE STUDY POPULATION
What is the 3rd step in conducting a community diagnosis?
DETERMINING THE DATA TO BE COLLECTED
What is the 4th step in conducting a community diagnosis?
COLLECTING DATA
What is the 5th step in conducting a community diagnosis?
DEVELOPING THE INSTRUMENTS
What is the 6th step in conducting a community diagnosis?
ACTUAL DATA GATHERING
What is the seventh step in conducting a community diagnosis?
DATA COLLATION
What is the 8th step in conducting a community diagnosis?
DATA PRESENTATION
observing the subject’s behavior and their environment.
observation
perform rapid appraisal of the community by walking and
appreciating what can be seen and perceived
Ocular survey/windshield survey
is practiced by the nurse by living with the community of their study
participant observation
obtained by reviewing folders, files or books compiled by health or non-health agencies from the
government or other sources
Records review
Involves asking and answering questions following a systematic procedure
interview
Use to elicit and explore opinions of people, and determine their attitudes and practices regarding a
limited set of concepts.
Focus group discussion
the form one uses to document the data collected.
survey questionnaire
Type of survey questionnaire
where the interviewer reads out the question and records the respondent’s reply to
the questions.
Interview schedule
Type of survey questionnaire
the respondents read the questions and
write down their responses.
Self-completed or self-administered questionnaire
a quick means of finding out an individuals or groups list of priority
Analytical games
short colorful descriptions of situations encountered by the nurse in the
field
stories and portraits
putting together all facts and figures to generate information about the health status of the
community.
Data collation
choices do not overlap. This can be used both for numerical and descriptive
data.
Mutually exclusive
anticipate all possible answers that a respondent may give.
Exhaustive categories
provide choices that the respondent will select from. These responses will
serve as categories for collating the responses
Fixed response
public domain statistical software for epidemiology
EPIINFO software
shows data trend or changes in data with time or age with respect to some other
variable
Line graph
for comparisons of absolute or relative counts and rates between
categories.
Bar graph
graphic presentation of frequency distribution or
measurement.
Histogram or frequency polygon
correlation data for two variables.
scattered diagram
breakdown of a group or total where the number of categories is not too many
Proportional or component bar
Most frequently used graph format
Scarttered diagram
Most crucial stage in Community Diagnosis. It involves quantification, description and
classification of data.
Data analysis
increased or decreased Reduced capability for wellness
Health status problems
lack or absence of Manpower, Materials, Money, Institutions necessary to solve health problems
Health resources problems
existence of social, economic, environmental and political factors that aggravate the illness-inducing
situation in the community
health related problems
refers to the severity of the problem which can be measured in terms of the proportion of the
population affected
Magnitude of the problems
probability of reducing, controlling or eradicating the problem.
Modifiability of the problem
probability of controlling or reducing the effects posed by the problem
Preventive potential
perception of the population or the community as they are affected by the problem and their
readiness to act on the problem
Social concern
process with future steps in order to achieve a desired change.
Planning
assesses the nature and extent of the problems that may affect planning decisions.
Planner
-guide nursing practice in health promotion, planning, implementation and evaluation
PRECEDE – PROCEDE MODEL
•WHERE ARE WE NOW?
Situational analysis
•WHERE DO WE WANT TO GO?
Goals and objectives
•HOW DO WE GET THERE?
STRATEGY AND ACTIVITY SETTING
•HOW DO WE KNOW WE ARE THERE?
Evaluation
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLIENT THAT MOTIVATES BEHAVIOR RELATED
TO HEALTH; KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, VALUES AND PERCEPTION
Predisposing
ANY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENVIRONMENT THAT FACILITATES HEALTH
BEHAVIOR
enabling
REWARD OR PUNISHMENT ANTICIPATED AS A CONSENQUENCE OF A
HEALTH BEHAVIOR
Reinforcing
