S4. quiz

Question 1

opioids effect on CNS?

Answer 1

depressants > slow RR

Question 2

causes of hypercapnia?

Answer 2

Hypercapnia= high pCO2

• alterations in carbon dioxide production,
• disturbance in the gas exchange function of the lungs, -abnormalities in function of the chest wall and respiratory muscles,
• changes in neural control of respiration>alterations in respiratory rate

Question 3

forms of CO2 that are transported in blood

rank in order of the most common

Answer 3

1) bicarbonate
2) carbamino-haemoglobin
3) dissolved CO2

Question 4

what is the Haldane Effect?

Answer 4

deoxyhaemoglobin has a higher affinity for CO2; conversely oxyhaemoglobin has lower affinity for CO2

Question 5

which is the most important form of transporting CO2 to lungs

Answer 5

serum bicarbonate
>bicarbonate in RBC converted by carbonic anhydrase to HCO3-
> HCO3-passes into plasma via chloride bicarbonate exchanger

dissolved CO2 only accounts for 10%
20-30%as carbamino haemoglobin

Question 6

what is most responsible for decreasing patients own innate respiratory drive when on ventilator?

Answer 6

arterial CO2 levels acting on central chemoreceptors.

Question 7

what is P50?

Answer 7

the partial pressure at which 50% of his haemoglobin is saturated