S3W1V

Question 1

a branch of biology that deals with the similarities and differences in the development of animals or plants of different orders

Answer 1

comparative embryology

Question 2

process of evolution of new species that occurs when members of similar populations no longer interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Answer 2

speciation

Question 3

earliest stage of growth and development of both plants and animals

Answer 3

embryo

Question 4

divergent evolution in which ancestral species evolve into an array of species to fit a number of diverse habitats

Answer 4

adaptive radiation

Question 5

alternation of allelic frequencies in a population by chance events’ results in disruption of genetic equilibrium

Answer 5

genetic drift

Question 6

a peculiarity of the basic physical and chemical activities that occur in cells of a species, which leaves it better suited to its environement

Answer 6

physiological adaptation

Question 7

body structure that has no function in a present-day organism but probably was useful to an ancestor; provides evidence of evolution

Answer 7

vestigial structure

Question 8

a mechanism for change in populations; occurs when when organisms with favorable variations for a particular environment survive and reproduce, passing their variations on

Answer 8

natural selection

Question 9

evolution in which species that were once similar to an ancestral species diverge;may result in the formation of a new species

Answer 9

divergent evolution

Question 10

structures with common evolutionary origins; can be similar in arrangement, in function, or both; provides evidence of evolution from a common ancestor

Answer 10

homologous structures

Question 11

the collective genetic information contained within a population of sexually reproducing organisms

Answer 11

gene pool

Question 12

the study of differences in chemical (metabolic) processes among species

Answer 12

comparative biochemistry

Question 13

the way an organism acts or behaves to stay alive

Answer 13

behavioral adaptation

Question 14

condition in which the frequency of alleles in a population remains the same over generations

Answer 14

genetic equilibrium

Question 15

occurs whenever a physical barrier divides a population, which results in individuals no longer being able to mate; can lead to the formation oif new species

Answer 15

geographic isolation

Question 16

evolution in which distantly related organisms evolve similar traits; occurs when unrelated species occupy similar environments

Answer 16

convergent evolution

Question 17

idea that species originate through a gradual accumulation of adaptations

Answer 17

gradualism

Question 18

the study of similarities and differences in the structures of organisms

Answer 18

comparative anatomy

Question 19

changes in the genetic makeup of an organism that alters appearance of anatomy

Answer 19

structural adaptation

Question 20

idea that periods of speciation occur rapidly with long periods of genetic equilibrium in between

Answer 20

punctuated equilibrium