S3: Definitions of Components of MSE Flashcards
psychomotor retardation
slowing of physical or emotional reactions
seen in schizophrenia and depression
psychomotor agitation
excessive motor and cognitive activity
seen in mania/anxiety
tics
repetitive jerky movements
compulsion
urge to perform a repetitive or ritualized behavior
echopraxia
involuntary repetition or mimicry of another person’s actions
seen in Tourette’s or autism
akathisia
restless feeling compelling the pt to be in constant motion
common med/neuroleptic s/e
catalepsy
waxy flexibility
seen in catatonic schizophrenia
catatonia
marked decrease in activity, but can be alternating between hyperactivity and inactivity as well
dystonia
involuntary muscle contraction causing slow, repetitive movement or abnl postures
seen in med s/e
dyskinesia
difficulty or distortion in performing voluntary movements
seen in med s/e
comatose
unresponsive to stimuli
stuporous
responsive only to painful stimuli
obtunded
slow response to stimuli
lethergic
drowsiness
alert
full awareness
thought form
thought process - the way the person thinks
circumstantiality
going overboard with details when responding/speaking
telling minute details that don’t matter or are irrelevant
clanging
choosing words based on sound rather than meaning
derailment
aka loose associations
words make sense but sentences don’t
flight of ideas
going from one idea to the next, jumping all over the place
often with pressured, rapid speech
neologism
making up new words or phrases
perseveration
persistent repetition of specific words or concepts without any ext stimuli or after ext stimuli stopped
tangentiality
responding without actually answering the question
thought blocking
sudden disruption of thought or break in the flow of ideas
word salad
aka incoherence
speech don’t make any sense – unrelated words joined together
pressured speech
fast speech that is difficult to interpret
seen in bipolar mania
distractible speech
sudden change in subject d/t something unrelated in the environment
obsessions
intrusive and unwanted ideas always with pt despite making efforts to suppress them
phobias
irrational or exaggerated fear
thought broadcasting
thoughts can be heard by someone
thought insertion
“someone is putting ideas in my mind”
thought withdrawal
“someone is taking away ideas/memories from my head”
ideas of reference
belief that everything refers to the patient specifically
ideas of influence
belief that patient’s actions are being controlled by someone else
poverty of speech
nonfluent speech with empty thought
a type of alogia
poverty of thought
fluent speech with empty thought
a type of alogia
illusions
misinterpretations of real external sensory stimuli
ex. thinking that the wind blowing in the curtain through the window is a person jumping out the window
dissociation
feeling unconnected from own thoughts/identity
depersonalization
sense of being outside of their body
“out of body experience”
derealization
sense that environment they are in is not real
ex. Mal in Inception
hallucinations
sensory experiences without external stimuli that feels vivid and real to the patient
can be auditory (MC in schizophrenia), visual (MC in organic conditions – shrooms), tactile (MC in etoh/benzo withdrawal), olfactory or gustatory
registration/recall
can the patient repeat back something they just learned?
recent/short term memory
can the pt remember something that happened earlier today?
remote/long term memory
can the pt remember something from a long time ago?
attention
ability to focus and direct cognitive process
concentration
ability to focus and sustain attention over a period of time
insight
ability to understand and acknowledge factors that influence a situation
judgment
assessment of real-world problem-solving skills
social judgment
subtle pt behaviors that are harmful to the pt and are contrary to societal acceptable behavior
“how will you get home today?”
test judgment
pt’s prediction of how they will act in an imaginary situation
“if you found a stamped and addressed letter on the street, what would you do?”
