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Anatomy > S1.9 - Internal Structure of a Long Bone > Flashcards

S1.9 - Internal Structure of a Long Bone Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main internal sections of a long bone?

A
  • Epiphysis
  • Diaphysis
  • Epiphysis
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2
Q

Name the parts of the epiphysis.

A
  • Hyaline Cartilage
  • Epiphyseal Line
  • Spongy Bone with red marrow
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3
Q

Name the parts of the diaphysis.

A
  • Marrow Cavity
  • Endosteum
  • Compact Bone
  • Yellow Bone Marrow
  • Periosteum
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4
Q

Name the 4 properties of the skeletal muscle.

A
  • Muscles work together or in opposition
  • Only pull (never push)
  • As muscles shorten, insertion generally moves towards the origin
  • Always a joint between an origin and an insertion
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5
Q

What is the origin of a muscle?

A

The attachment site that does not move during muscle contraction.

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6
Q

What is the insertion point of a muscle?

A

The attachment site that moves during muscle contraction.

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7
Q

What are the 4 types of muscles?

A
  • Prime Movers / Agonists
  • Antagonists
  • Synergists
  • Fixators
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8
Q

What is a prime mover / agonist muscle?

A

Provides major force for producing a specific movement

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9
Q

What is an antagonist muscle?

A

Opposes or reverses a particular action of the prime mover

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10
Q

What is a synergist muscle?

A

Works together with a prime mover to add force or control

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11
Q

What is a fixator muscle?

A

Stabilises the origin of the agonist and helps it to function most effectively

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12
Q

What is a muscle fascicle?

A

A bundle of skeletal muscle fibres surrounded by perimysium, a type of connective tissue.

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13
Q

What determines the force that a muscle can generate?

A

Arrangement of fascicles

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14
Q

Name the 7 types of fascicle arrangements?

A
  • Fusiform
  • Parallel
  • Convergent
  • Unipennate
  • Bipennate
  • Multipennate
  • Circular
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15
Q

What is a fusiform fascicle?

A

A muscle that has a shape of spindle, which is being wider in the middle and narrowing towards both ends

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16
Q

What is a parallel fascicle?

A

Fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle

17
Q

What is a convergent fascicle?

A

Broad at origin and tapering to a narrower insertion

18
Q

What is a unipennate fascicle?

A

Muscle fibres or fascicles are all in one side of the tendon

19
Q

What is a bipennate fascicle?

A

Fibres converge from both sides to a central tendon

20
Q

What is a multipennate fascicle?

A

Diagonal muscle fibres are in multiple rows with the central tendon branching into two or more tendons

21
Q

What is a circular fascicle?

A

Ring around body opening

Anatomy (13 decks)

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