S14 - Local Area Networking Flashcards
TCP/IP was a protocol adopted by
ARPANET
IP addresses have x octets ranging from y to z
4 0-255
Subnet masks are used to… only on…
differentiate IPs on a local LAN vs outside traffic Ipv4
What is used on windows for setting up network information
network and sharing centre
Where can we setup IP, subnet mask and gateway
ethernet properties
What is it called when you manually set the IP
static IP
Class D addresses are for x and start with y
Multicast & 244.x.x.x
Class E addresses are x and start with y
reserved & 240.x.x.x
What are the 3 sets of private IPs that exist
Class A: 10.x.x.x, Class B: 172.16.x.x - 172.31.x.x, Class C: 192.168.x.x
What are loopback addresses used for
pinging our own router (127.0.0.1)
What does NAT allow for
reduced IP consumption
With NAT, internal networks use x and share y
Private IPs & public address
What will occur if no DHCP server is present and what will the IP assigned begin with
APIPA address and it will begin with 169.254.x.x
what command can we use to force a new connection to the DHCP server
ipconfig /renew
what does netstat show us
important information about connections
what are 2 common netstat switches
-n & -a
what is an alternative to netstat
TCPView
What does FQDN stand for
fully qualified domain names
DNS does what with our FQDNs
Convert to IP
What does DMARC stand for
domain based message authentication, reporting and conformance
What is the role of DMARC
enters records of domains to avoid spoofing
DKIM stands for
Domain Keys Identified Mail
Role of DKIM
enables the sender to sign their message and verify their ID
command to see a system’s DNS servers
ipconfig /all
what can we use to check if a DNS server is running
nslookup
All windows systems will be a member of either a
workgroup or a domain
How is active directory accessed
purchasing a specialised version of windows
SMB stands for
Server message block
SMB function
common method of windows file and folder sharing over TCP/IP
What will all computers be able to do if they are on the same workgroup
see each other
What is an active directory domain
A dedicated domain controller with windows server software installed
What do we use to organise members of a domain
Organisation units (OUs) & Forests
MacOS and Linux use x instead of SMB
Samba
How can we get around file and folder sharing from Linux/MacOS to Windows
name of workgroup/domain and system computer name
Router function
Route and direct traffic based on IP & connect devices on a LAN
Routing table function
Determines where to filter or forward IP packets
every routing table has a
default gateway
ACL stands for
Access control list
2 types of firewall
stateful and stateless
stateless firewall
blocks traffic based on fixed criteria such as port number, time of day, URL and so on
stateful firewall
block traffic based on actions taking place at that moment e.g. 30 connection to google.com on the space of 3 seconds
DMZ stands for
Demilitarised zone
DMZ function
router all the traffic to 1 specific computer on a network
Windows classifies networks into 3 types:
Public (Airport), Private, (home LAN), Domain (school network / corporate environment)
Port forwarding function
router allows incoming traffic on a certain port access to a specific system on the network
DDNS stands for
Dynamic Domain Name System
DDNS allows us to
gives names to port forwarded devices
QOS stands for + function
quality of service and allows us to limit bandwidth for devices
uPnP stands for + function
Universal plug and plug which allows for quicker querying of network devices
SNMP stands for
Simple network management protocol
SNMP allows for
Access to additional details about a device
Switches use what instead of IP addresses
MAC addresses
2 types of switch
Managed (expensive with more options) and unmanaged
VLANS allow us to
segment our network for security purposes
SDN stands for
Software Defined Network
SDN function
Lessen human error
Function of port security
If an unknown MAC address attempt to connect to a port it will be disabled or the admin will be notified
