S1: Prehospital Care - EMS

Question 1

What are Emergency Medical Responders?

Answer 1

• Usually first on the scene
• Trained to perform CPR, spine immobilization, hemorrhage control, use auto injectors, automated defibrillators and other basic interventions

Question 2

What are Emergency Medical Technicians?

Answer 2

• part of ambulane crew
• oxygen administration, hemorrhage control, patient extrication, immobilization and transportation
• can administer OTC medications

Question 3

What are Advanced emergency medical technicians?

Answer 3

• additional assessment skills plus placement of IV and suppraglottic airway devices
• administration of some medications

Question 4

What are Paramedics?

Answer 4

• Highest skill level
• function under a designated physician supervision

Question 5

What comprises the 15 elements of EMS system?

Answer 5

1. Manpower
2. Training
3. Communications
4. Transportation
5. Facilities
6. Critical are units
7. Public Safety units
8. Consumer participation
9. Access to care
10. Patient transfer
11. Coordinated patient record keeping
12. Public information and education
13. Review and evaluatio
14. Disaster plan
15. Mutual aid

Question 6

In 15 elements of EMS, training includes what?

Answer 6

Initial provider training and continuing education

Question 7

In the 15 elements of EMS, communications include what?

Answer 7

• adoption of 911
• represent the WEAKEST link

Question 8

In the 15 elements of EMS, transportation includes what?

Answer 8

BLS ambulance - carry equipment appropriate for personnel trained at the EMT level (automated external defib, O2, BVM, immobilization and splinting devices and wound dressing)

ACLS ambulance - equipped with advance EMT or paramedics (IV fluids and medications, intubation equipment, cardiac monitors and pulse oximeters)

Question 9

In the 15 elements of EMS, facilities and critical care units describe what?

Answer 9

• transported to the closest appropriate hospital

Question 10

In the 15 elements of EMS, public safety agencies comprise what?

Answer 10

• should have strong ties with police and fire departments

Question 11

In the 15 elements of EMS, consumer participation comprises what?

Answer 11

• Public support, both political and financial, is necessary for a good EMS system.

Question 12

In the 15 elements of EMS, access to care comprises what?

Answer 12

• Succesful EMS systems ensure all individuals have access to care regardless of ability to pay
• primary entrypoint to the healthcare system
• EMS telemedicine programs may be one way to bring high level medical expertise to patients in remote areas

Question 13

In the 15 elements of EMS, patient transfer describes what?

Answer 13

• All patients must receive a medical screening exam and be stabilized before transfer.
• There must also be an explicit acceptance of the ttansfer by the receiving hospital.

Question 14

In the 15 elements of EMS, coordinated patient record keeping describes what?

Answer 14

• Prehospital medical records must be legible and readily acessible to hospital providers.

Question 15

In the 15 elements of EMS, public information and education describes what?

Answer 15

• EMS systems have a responsibility to train the public on how to access EMS and use it appropriately.
• Importance of of learning CPR, first aid and basic disaster preparedness.

Question 16

In the 15 elementd of EMS, review and evaluation describes what?

Answer 16

• Routine audits of communication, response and scene times, and patient care records should be performed.

Question 17

In the 15 elements of EMS, Disaster plan describes what?

Answer 17

• integral part of disaster preparedness

Question 18

In the 15 elements of EMS, mutual aid describes what?

Answer 18

• mutual agreements with neighboring jusridictions so care is available when local agencies are unable to respond.