S1 Intro To Man Flashcards
What is the blood supply to the testes?
The testicular artery, which arise directly from the abdominal aorta.
What is the venous drainage from the testes?
The pampiniform plexus, which surrounds the artery and is thought to cool the blood arriving to the testes further, it then forms the right and left testicular vein.
Where does the blood go from the testes after it has drained into the pampiniform plexus?
Well it splits into the left and right testicular vein. On the right this drains directly into the IVC while on the left side it drains into the left renal vein before joining IVC.
What are sertoli cells and where are they found?
SERTOLI CELLS are found in the seminiferous tubules and their role is in spermatogenesis and testis formation.
What/where are leydig cells found?
Adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle and produce testosterone in the presence of LH.
What is a varicocoele, where is it most likely to occur?
Abnormal dilation of veins in the spermatic chord, it is when the venous drainage is obstructed
Normally occurs on the left, the left testicular vein drains into the left renal vein at an angle.
What is the difference between the lymphatic drainage of the scrotum and the testis ?
The testis lymphatic drainage is the para aortic nodes
The scrotum lymphatic drainage is into the superficial inguinal lymph nodes
What is the inguinal canal?
The inguinal canal is the oblique passage in the lower anterior abdominal wall on either side, through which passes the round ligament of the uterus in the female and the spermatic chord in the male, it is a common point of hernias!
What is the tunica vaginalis?
The tunica vaginalis is the peritoneum covering the testes
What is a hydrocoele?
When the tunica vaginalis (the layer of peritoneum covering the testes) fills with fluid).
What are the semineferous tubules and what are they made up of?
Part of the testis which is where SPERMATOGENESIS occurs.
They are formed of leydig cells and Sertoli cells.
Sertoli= spermatogenesis
Leydig= testosterone e
What is the spermatic chord?
A structure which provides neurovascular supply to each testis Contains many structures. 3 arteries 3 veins 3 nerves 3 FASCIAL layers Vas deferens
What are the accessory glands and what is their importance?
Seminal vesicles= situated near the prostate
Produce ejaculate which is 65% fructose based alkaline, it neutralises the acid environment of the vagina and provides nutrition for sperm.
Prostate= 25% milky fluid ejaculate
It contains proteolytic enzymes and is midly acidic
Bulbourethral glands= produce secretions which reduce friction.
What are parts of the penis called?
Corpus spongiosum= Spongy tissue through which the urethra travels, stays patent for the passage of sperm
Corpus cavernosum= Paired tissue, anchors the penis to bone and is the main erectile tissue.
What is the route of sperm?
Testis to the epididymis to the vas deferens to the ejaculatory duct to the urethra- prostate,membranous and penile and then to penis.
