S1 DNA and Inheritance Flashcards
Why is sexual reproduction important?
Reproduction ensures a species will survive from one generation to the next and pass on important genetic information.
Why is the nucleus important?
The nucleus controls the cell and holds all the genetic information.
Where would you find our genetic information?
Chromosomes
How many chromosomes do humans have?
46
What is the general name for sex cells?
Gamete
What is the male gamete?
Sperm
Where is sperm made?
Testes
What is the female gamete?
Egg
Where are eggs made?
Ovaries
How many chromosomes do sperm and egg cells have?
Each have 23 chromosomes
Why do sperm have tails?
To help them swim towards the egg
What is the purpose of the urethra?
It carries sperm down the penis
What is the purpose of the penis?
To deliver sperm into the female
What is the purpose of the sperm duct?
Moves sperm from the testes (where it’s made) to the urethra
What is the fluid in which sperm are found?
Semen
Testes are found in the scrotum, which hang on the outside of the male body.
Why is this?
Sperm require lower temperatures to survive than they would find inside the body.
What is the male sex hormone?
Testosterone
What is the purpose of the oviduct?
Moves the egg from the ovary to the uterus
What is the purpose of the uterus?
It is where a fertilised egg develops into a baby.
What is the purpose of the vagina?
It is where sperm enters the female.
Where is the ONLY place fertilisation takes place?
The oviduct!
What happens during fertilisation?
The egg and the sperm fuse together.
What does a fertilised egg turn into?
An EMBRYO
After 2-3 months, what does the embryo become?
A FOETUS
What does a foetus become when it is born?
A baby!
What is the name of the organ that allows oxygen and nutrients to be transferred to the embryo?
The placenta
What is the shape of a DNA molecule?
Double helix
What is the name of the molecule that contains our genetic information?
DNA
