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Sec Science > S1-Chem-Solutions and Suspensions > Flashcards

S1-Chem-Solutions and Suspensions Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Mixtures are combinations of two or more substances which are not chemically combined together. Each substance retains their own chemical and physical properties.

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2
Q

What are the two main groups that mixtures can be classified into?

A
  • Homogeneous

- Heterogeneous

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3
Q

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A

It is a mixture that has a uniform appearance and composition throughout.

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4
Q

Describe a homogenous mixture

A
  • physical & chemical properties same in every part
  • solutions
  • components not distinguishable
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5
Q

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A

It is a mixture that does not have the same appearance and composition throughout.

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6
Q

Describe a heterogeneous mixture

A
  • physical & chemical properties not the same in every part
  • visible different phases/physical states
  • components are distinguishable
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7
Q

What is a solution?

A

A solution is a mixture consisting of particles of two or more substances that are distributed evenly throughout.

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8
Q

What is a solute?

A

It is a substance that is dissolved in another substance. Present in lesser quantity

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9
Q

What is a solvent?

A

It is a substance that dissolves another substance. Bulk of the solution, present in greater quantity

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10
Q

What is dissolving?

A

Process in which particles of substance separate and spread evenly throughout a mixture.

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11
Q

What is water known as?

A

Universal Solvent

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12
Q

What is an aqueous solution?

A

A solution in which the solvent is water.

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13
Q

Give characteristics of the aqueous solution. (3)

A
  • cannot be filtered/ no residue left
  • clear & transparent
  • left to stand, no particles sink
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14
Q

Why is there no residue left when a solution is filtered?

A
  • particles of solute small

- able to pass through pores of filter paper

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15
Q

Why is light able to pass through a solution?

A
  • particles of solute small

- unable to block any light

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16
Q

What is a suspension?

A

A suspension is a mixture containing insoluble solid particles suspended in a medium such as air or water.

17
Q

Characteristics of a suspension

A
  • separated by filtration/ residue left
  • does not allow light to pass through/ scatters light
  • left to stand, particles sink to the bottom
18
Q

Why are there residues left on the filter paper when a suspension is filtered?

A
  • particles of solute too large

- unable to pass through pores of filter paper

19
Q

Why is light unable to pass through suspension?

A
  • particles of solute large

- block light

20
Q

What is the definition of concentration of solutions?

A

It is a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent.

21
Q

Formula of concentration of of a solution

A

Concentration = Mass of solute (g) / Volume of solvent (cm3)

22
Q

What is solubility?

A

Solubility is the maximum amount of solute which can dissolve in 100g water at a fixed temperature.

23
Q

What are the 3 factors that affect the solubility?

A
  • type of solvent
  • type of solute
  • temperature
24
Q

How does type of solvent affect the solubility?

A

ability to dissolve a given solute

25
Q

How does type of solute affect the solubility?

A
  • ability for a solute to dissolve in a given solvent
26
Q

How does temperature affect solubility?

A
  • effect of hotness and coldness of a solvent
27
Q

What is a solubility curve?

A

A graph that shows the maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in 100g water at a given temperature to form a saturated solution.

28
Q

What is the def of rate of dissolving of substances?

A

It is a measure of how fast a solute dissolves in a fixed amount of a solvent completely.

29
Q

What are the factors of rate of dissolving of substances?

A
  • stirring effect
  • amount of solvent
  • particle size
  • temperature
30
Q

Effect of factors of rate of dissolving substances

A
  • stirring : increase increase
  • amount of solvent : increase increase
  • particle size : decrease increase
  • temperature : increase increase

Sec Science (4 decks)

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