S&S pregnancy

Question 1

amenorrhea occurs when there is increased levels of what?

Answer 1

increased HCG levels

Question 2

the growth maintenance hormone

Answer 2

progesterone

Question 3

N/V
begins when?
lasts how long?
how much (in %) experience it during pregnancy?

Answer 3

about 50%

Question 4

breast changes (name 3)

Answer 4

tingling/tenderness
prolactin/milk producing
darkening/melanin to areola & nipple

Question 5

urine changes in pregnancy

Answer 5

more frequency urination

Question 6

quickening

when is it felt in primagravida? (range)

Answer 6

18-20 weeks

Question 7

multigravida moms may feel quickening at what week gestation?

Answer 7

16 weeks

Question 8

list the subjective(presumptive) signs of pregnancies

Answer 8

amenorrhea
N/V
breast changes
urinary frequency
quickening
fatigue

Question 9

probable (objective) signs of cervix

Answer 9

goodell’s
chadwicks
hegars

Question 10

probable objective signs of pregnancy noted in uterus

Answer 10

fundus
braun von fernwalds sign
piscacek's sign
uterine souffle
braxton hicks contractions
positive preg test
palpation of fetal parts
changes in skin pigmentation

Question 11

at 10-12 weeks, where is the fundus located

Answer 11

above the symphysis pubis

Question 12

at 20-22 weeks where is the fundus located?

Answer 12

at the umbilicus

Question 13

sign-softening & enlargement at the implantation site

Answer 13

Braun Von Fernwald’s

Question 14

sign-tumor-like enlargement at site of implantation

Answer 14

Piscacek’s

Question 15

sign-soft, blowing sound of blood flow through the placenta

Answer 15

uterine souffle

Question 16

braxton hicks contractions may begin at what gestation week?

Answer 16

28 weeks

Question 17

give characteristics of brixton-hicks contractions

Answer 17

false labor
painless&irregular
can occur throughout pregnancy
goes away with activity
starts at 28 weeks

Question 18

FHT can be heard at what week (give range)

Answer 18

12-20 weeks

Question 19

at what week can FHT be heard using an ultrasound doppler

Answer 19

10 weeks

Question 20

using the U/S vaginal, name the 3 events noted

Answer 20

fetal parts/heart movements
gestational sac
movement

Question 21

at what week can fetal parts/heart movements be noted? (range)

Answer 21

8-10 weeks

Question 22

at what week can the gestational sac be noted? (range)

Answer 22

4-6 weeks

Question 23

at what week can movement be noted? give range

Answer 23

10-12 weeks

Question 24

immunoassay (modern pregnancy test) name 2

Answer 24

hemagglutination-inhibition

latex agglutination

Question 25

immunoassay facts (%, # of days to detect positive results, time of day urine collected)

Answer 25

95% accurate in Dx of preg. 98% accurate in Dx of absence of preg. (+) approx. 10-14 days after the first missed reproductive cycle first, early AM urine most reliable

Question 26

4 specific immunoassay tests

Answer 26

Beta-Subunit Radio Immunoassay (RIA) Immunoradiometric Assay(IRMA) Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Radioreceptor Assay

Question 27

ELISA (indication of preg. and # of days to detect HCG)

Answer 27

the bluer, the more HCG level present | can detect HCG levels 7-9 days after ovulation & conception (BEFORE implantation)

Question 28

the specific immunoassay test that cannot tell between the presence of LH & HCG

Answer 28

radioreceptor assay

Question 29

the specific immunoassay test that can have positive results 2-8 days after implantation

Answer 29

Beta-Subunit Radio Immunoassay (RIA)

Question 30

the two specific immunoassay tests that expose the mom to radiation

Answer 30

``` Beta-Subunit Radio Immunoassay (RIA) Immunoradiometric Assay (IRMA) ```

Question 31

the specific immunoassay tests that is accurate but lengthy and is complicated

Answer 31

Beta-Subunit Radio Immunoassay (RIA)

Question 32

The beta-subunit radio immunoassay is used to diagnose what type of pregnancies

Answer 32

ectopic trophoblastic moehler

Question 33

a quick specific immunoassay test (30 minutes)

Answer 33

immunoradiometric assay(IRMA)

Question 34

the specific immunoassay test that is 1 hour long

Answer 34

radioreceptor assay

Question 35

name two alternatives to immunoassay testing

Answer 35

fluoroimmunoassay (FIA) | OTC tests

Question 36

3 things concerning the fluoroimmunoassay (FIA) test

Answer 36

glowing molecules detect HCG thyroid levels

Question 37

Pap smear: what cell type are scraped and why?

Answer 37

squamocolumnar junction and because its the most volatile area of cervix

Question 38

how do we classify the pap smear?

Answer 38

bethesda test (TBS)

Question 39

if the TBS is 2-5 what will be the next step.

Answer 39

performing a colposcopy & biopsy

Question 40

colposcopy

Answer 40

using speculum apply acetic acid cells not healthy will turn white

Question 41

what else besides a colposcopy and biopsy might a dr. do if 2-5 scoring is determined in TBS testing?

Answer 41

endocervical currettage (ECC)

Question 42

Pap smears can also detect other diseases such as?

Answer 42

HSV Trichomonos Gonorrhea Chylamydia

Question 43

LEEP(just give the words for which this procedure stands for)

Answer 43

loop electrocautery excision procedure

Question 44

explain the procedure LEEP

Answer 44

shaves off abnormal layer of cervix/uses wand of laser/cold methods