s 2 Flashcards
Mario and several friends spend a day at the beach. While watching the ocean waves crashing to shore, Mario wonders how much of the world’s water is contained in different types of bodies of water such as oceans, lakes, and rivers. He decides to research the percentage of Earth’s water found in different locations. Which does his research reveal?
a) The ice caps located at both poles contain 30 percent of Earth’s water.
b) Fifty percent of Earth’s water is in oceans and the glaciers at the poles.
c) Less than 3 percent of Earth’s water is freshwater containing no salt.
d) Ninety percent of Earth’s water is in lakes, rivers, and groundwater.
c) Less than 3 percent of Earth’s water is freshwater containing no salt.
Which describes the current human population growth?
a) increasing growth and decreasing rate of growth
b) decreasing growth and increasing rate of growth
c) increasing growth and rate of growth
d) decreasing growth and rate of growth
a) increasing growth and decreasing rate of growth
Kiah hears about a plan to drain a nearby wetland to build a shopping mall. Kiah’s friend
agrees with the plan because she believes the wetland has no economic value. After
researching the issue, Kiah responds to her friend’s opinion. Which is Kiah’s response?
a) Wetlands have indirect value such as cleaning pollutants from water.
b) Wetlands have a direct economic value such as providing a food source.
c) Wetlands breed harmful insects, and they should be drained for better use.
d) Wetlands are beautiful ecosystems, but they have no economic value.
a) Wetlands have indirect value such as cleaning pollutants from water.
Which defines background extinction?
a) mass extinctions in the past
b) extinctions of unknown species
c) the natural extinction rate
d) an accelerated extinction rate
c) the natural extinction rate
Which is an example of genetic diversity within a rain forest?
a) wide variety of beetle species
b) DNA of a single three-toed sloth
c) all of the genes found within the ecosystem
d) many variations of jaguar spots
c) all of the genes found within the ecosystem
What is genetic diversity?
a) number of different species living in a specific area
b) variety of inheritable characteristics or genes in an interbreeding population
c) variety of ecosystems in the biosphere
d) in a biological community, the number and abundance of different organisms
b) variety of inheritable characteristics or genes in an interbreeding population
What is species diversity?
a) variety of inheritable characteristics or genes in an interbreeding population
b) any different environmental condition occurring along an ecosystem’s boundaries
c) variety of ecosystems in the biosphere
d) in a biological community, the number and abundance of different species
d) in a biological community, the number and abundance of different species
housands of years ago, humans domesticated wolves and over time have bred closely related wolf offspring. Dozens of dog breeds have emerged from wolves and other canines. Huskies were bred to be strong runnersto pull sleds, and German shepherds were bred for their keen sense of smell. At times, undesirable traits, such as a weak hip in German shepherds, emerged. Which of the following explains the emergence of dog breeds from wild canines, such as wolves?
a) Scientists used genetic engineering to manipulate wild canine genes.
b) Humans used selective breeding to obtain desirable traits in dog breeds.
c) As a result of human breeding attempts, inbreeding created undesirable dog traits.
d) Through natural selection, domesticated dogs evolved from wild canines.
b) Humans used selective breeding to obtain desirable traits in dog breeds.
Which statement is not true of genes located close together on the same chromosome?
a) They are linked together.
b) They travel together during gamete formation.
c) They do not segregate independently.
d) They always segregate independently.
d) They always segregate independently.
Why is sickle-cell disease a codominant genetic condition?
a) An intermediate phenotype is expressed.
b) No alleles are expressed in the heterozygous condition.
c) Both alleles are expressed in the heterozygous condition.
d) Both alleles are expressed in the homozygous condition.
c) Both alleles are expressed in the heterozygous condition.
What is the genotype of a woman with red-green color blindness?
a) x^B x^B
b) x^B y
c) x^B x^b
d) x^b x^b
d) x^b x^b
What is the function of a pedigree?
a) A diagram that determines the genotype and phenotype of an organism.
b) A diagram that traces the inheritance of a particular trait through generations.
c) A diagram that explains the results of a test cross between two organisms.
d) A diagram that explains the inheritance of traits that was used by Mendel.
b) A diagram that traces the inheritance of a particular trait through generations.
Murimi must watch a documentary about the life and work of Charles Darwin as part of an assignment for her science class. Murimi takes notes during the movie to help her remember basic facts about Darwin. Which would be in her notes?
a) Aboard the HMS Beagle, Darwin observed the changing behaviors of finches.
b) Aboard the HMS Beagle, Darwin wrote his book On the Origin of Species.
c) Darwin provided evidence for the popular belief that species evolve.
d) Darwin proposed natural selection as the mechanism for species change.
d) Darwin proposed natural selection as the mechanism for species change.
Christina and her friends are discussing the theory of evolution. One friend states that there is no evidence to support the theory of evolution. Which line of evidence could Christina offer to contradict her friend’s statement?
a) All animal structures have evolved to perform a specific function.
b) Vertebrate embryos share common ancestral features such as tails.
c) Fossil evidence demonstrates the major changes of most species.
d) Humans have bred dozens of dog varieties from ancestral wolves
a) All animal structures have evolved to perform a specific function.
Christina and her friends are discussing the theory of evolution. One friend states that there is no evidence to support the theory of evolution. Which line of evidence could Christina offer to contradict her friend’s statement?
a) All animal structures have evolved to perform a specific function.
b) Vertebrate embryos share common ancestral features such as tails.
c) Fossil evidence demonstrates the major changes of most species.
d) Humans have bred dozens of dog varieties from ancestral wolves
a) All animal structures have evolved to perform a specific function.
