Rythmic Flashcards

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1
Q

A tempo

A

Return to the original speed.

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2
Q

Accelerando

A

Getting gradually faster. A speeding up of the beat.

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3
Q

Accents / Accented

A

Notes which sound louder than others. Usually marked with a >

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4
Q

Anacrucis

A

Where a melody, ot a phrase within a melody, begins with an upbeat.

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5
Q

Andante

A

A tempo marking which means at a medium walking speed.

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6
Q

Bar lines

A

Vertical lines, which separate the music into bars usually of equal length according to the time signatures. The end of a piece or a section is usually marked with a double bar line.

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7
Q

Beat

A

The pulse which is heard in music. The beat, or pulse, is usually supposed to be consistent. The first beat of each bar is often louder.

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8
Q

Compound time

A

Dotted Crotchets

A time signature where the beat is dotted and subdivides into 3 not 2.
6/8, 9/8, 12/16

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9
Q

Crotchet

A

A note or rest worth 1 beat in simple time. Filled in and with a stem.

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10
Q

Cross Rhythm

A

When the accents in the music are different from that suggested by the time signature, or when different parts have rhythmic patterns which work against each other. E.g. 2 against 3.

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11
Q

Dotted Crotchet

A

Note worth one and a half beats in simple time. Filled in note with a stem and a dot.

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12
Q

Dotted Minim

A

Note worth 3 beats in simple time. Clear note, with a stem and a dot.

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13
Q

Dotted Quaver

A

Note worth three-quarters of a beat in simple time. Filled in note with a stem, and a tail and a dot.

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14
Q

Dotted Rhythm

A

Where a note is increased by half its value, and followed by a note worth half of its original value. Leading to a 3/4 + 1/4 relatioship.

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15
Q

Double Bar Line

A

The end of a section, or the end of a piece is usually marked with a double bar line - two vertical lines across the stave(s) close together.

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16
Q

Down Beat

A

The first beat of any baar is known as a down beat, because this is the motion a conductor makes on the first beat of the bar.

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17
Q

Drumfill

A

A rhythmic decoration played on a drum kit, often at cadences, or regular intervals. The player usually uses most part of the kit for this.

18
Q

Minim

A

Note worth 2 beats in simple time. Clear note with a stem.

19
Q

Moderato

A

A tempo marking which means at a moderate or medium speed.

20
Q

Off the beat

A

When the main accents of a passage of music fall off the beat.

21
Q

On the beat

A

When the main accents of a passage of music fall on the beat.

22
Q

Pause

A

A device which allows a performer to wait on a note or a rest for as long as they choose for dramatic effect.

23
Q

Pulse

A

The sense of forward movement given regularly spaced beats in a piece of music.

24
Q

Rallentando

A

A direction to a performer to get gradually slower.

25
Q

Repetition

A

The repetition of a musical pattern - Properly called an ostinato.

26
Q

Rests

A

Signs which mean a fixed period of silence.

27
Q

Ritardando

A

A tempo marking which means to become gradually slower.

28
Q

Rubato

A

This is where the pulse of a piece is varied in order to be expressive.

29
Q

Scotch Snap

A

A reverse dotted rhythm (semiquaver followed by dotted quaver) found in Scottish folk music - especially the Strathspey.

30
Q

Semibreve

A

A note worth 4 beats in simple time. A clear note with no stem.

31
Q

Semiquaver

A

Note worth one quarter of a beat in simple time. Filled in note with a stem and double tail - can be grouped together with a beam in groups of 2,3,4,6.

32
Q

Simple Time

A

Crotchets

Where the beat is not dotted and divides into 2, 4, 8 etc.
E.g. 3/4, 4/4, 3/8, 3/2 etc.

33
Q

Syncopation

A

Strongly accented notes played off or between the beats.

34
Q

Triplet

A

Where the beat, ora number of even beats, are divided into 3 in simple time.

35
Q

Up Beat

A

The last beat of any bar is known as the up beat, because this is the motion a conductor makes on the last beat of the bar.

36
Q

Augmentation

A

When a phrase is repeated with notes of double the value. This causes the music to sound twice as slow.

37
Q

Diminution

A

When a phrase is repeated with notes of half the value. This causes the music to sound twice as fast.

38
Q

Irregular Metres

A

A technique found in modern music or some ethnic music whereby composers try to destroy the feeling of a down beat by changing the grouping of the notes, and / or changing the time signature regularly.

39
Q

Three against two

A

Music where the beat is divided into two in one or more parts and
into three in other parts at the same time.

40
Q

Time Changes

A

When the time signature of a piece changes without the music
stopping. (Often more than once.)