Russian Revolution Flashcards
Date
Bloody Sunday in January ; attempted revolution in October
1905
Date
Russia joins WW1 which is a disaster
1914
Date
Lenin and bolsheviks
Oct 1917
Date
Tsar Nicholas abdicates, leaving provisional government in charge
March 1917
Date
Lenin dies
1924
Date
Stalin begins the 5 year plans and the collectivisation of farms
1928
Date
The USSR is invaded by Germany but is able to defeat them
1941
Tsar Nicholas II
Last Tsar of Russia. Unpopular because of his incompetence
Rasputin
Monk who advised tsar and discredited him
Vladimir Lenin
Leader of bolsheviks who led the October revolution
Karl marx
Founder of the ideas of communism
Leon Trotsky
Communist who was defeated by Stalin so did not replace lenin
Joseph Stalin
Communist dictator who replaced Lenin and ruled until 1953
Alexandra
The tsarina: the tsar’s unpopular German wife
Duma
The Russian parliament founded in 1905
Communist
Someone who believed that society should be equal and all property should be owned by the state
Gulag
A labour camp for opponents of communists
USSR
union of soviet socialist republics: the communist name of Russia
Cult of personality
Creating a propaganda image around a leader such as Stalin
Pogrom
Violent attack against Jews, often ordered by the government
Bloody Sunday
Peaceful protest in 1905 which was brutally crushed by the Tsar
Cheka
Secret police: the tsars and then the one that Lenin introduced
Five year plan
The communists introduce this to boost the USSRs industry
Collectivisation
Taking over farm land, animals and tools and having the government own the land
Former people
Rich people under the tsar who lost their wealth and status
What was Russia like before the revolution
- mostly peasants
- aristocracy owned 2/3 of land
-Russias size and poor infrastructure restricts industrial growth
-imperial/tsarist
-highly censored press and no political party
Why were Russians angry before 1917
- no technology on farms
-Had to make a 49 year loan to buy land led to huge debts
-unreliable food supply
-poor soil
-hardly any land for peasants because the ruling class owned most of it
What did Lenin promise
Peace land and bread for everyone ( everyone had an equal share of everything )
Why was the economic policy made
Because government was losing support
What was the economic policy
-allowance of kulaks(wealthy peasants)selling surplus food for profit
-factories with less than 20 employees could return to private ownership
How did Stalin control USSR
made people afraid to oppose him
What changes did Stalin make
-improved living conditions
-controlled propaganda, education,economics
-5 year plan - set targets for industry (turned Russia agriculture->industrial) achievements were overwhelming
-did this by collectivisation
What did Stalin’s rule result in
Unemployment being non existent and Russians lived got better
