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history > russia- stolypin- october revolution > Flashcards

russia- stolypin- october revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

when was Stolypin prime minister between

A

1906-1911

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2
Q

how did Stolypin maintain control

A

by using force- 3000 peasants killed between 1906-1909 under his court

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3
Q

what was Stolypin’s goal and why

A

reform agriculture to make kulaks who would be loyal to the tsar and act as a bulwark against rebellion

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4
Q

what were Stolypin’s achievements(3)

A

made kulaks able to buy land without Mir, tried to get basic education and factory rights for workers, economic growth( foreign investment and industrialisation)

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5
Q

what were Stolypin’s failures(4)

A

killed 3000 peasants and exiled 20k, conditions still appalling, profits going to French capitalists, killed in 1911

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6
Q

when was the 300th anniversary of Romanov rule

A

1913

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7
Q

how long had it been since the tsar last appeared in public before the anniversary of Romanov rule

A

8 years

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8
Q

how many people died in the Lena goldfields massacre

A

500 strikers

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9
Q

what did Rasputin heal

A

Alexei’s haemophilia

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10
Q

why did the tsar and tsarina favour rasputin

A

they believed he was the only one who could heal their son

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11
Q

why didn’t the Russian court like Rasputin

A

they didn’t understand why he had so much power over the tsar

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12
Q

why did most Russians dislike Rasputin

A

they believed he was teaching the wrong religion

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13
Q

why was Rasputin so powerful in 1915

A

Tsar was on the front lines so Rasputin could sack unloyal ministers and replace them for ones who were loyal to him

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14
Q

how did Rasputin ruin the tsar’s reputation(3)

A

accepted bribes, having orgies, spread rumours of him and the tsarina

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15
Q

why did many not like Rasputin and the tsarina ruling during a war with Germany

A

Rasputin was seen as unholy and debauched while tsarina was German

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16
Q

what did nobles think killing Rasputin would do

A

solve the problems as the Tsar would be out of his spell and Russia would be great again however the blame ended up shifting to the Tsar

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17
Q

why was the decision to go to war in WW1 so popular

A

people believed it would be a quick win

18
Q

how many were dead/wounded by 1914

A

1 million

19
Q

what happens in sept. 1915

A

Tsar takes personal control of the army

20
Q

what happens as a result of the tsar taking personal control of the army(2)

A

Rasputin advised the tsar to take personal control so Rasputin now basically runs Russia, failures blamed on Tsar not his generals

21
Q

how were peasants affected by WW1(5)

A

state pensions being required but not always received for widows, badly lead and poorly treated, didn’t have enough equipment, not enough peasants to work the land, 13 mil conscripted leads to discontent and support for Bolsheviks

22
Q

how were workers affected by WW1(5)

A

stopped striking, 3.5 million more jobs but no wage increase, overcrowding, not much food and fuel(couldn’t get it into the cities), could only buy about 1/6 of pre war food

23
Q

how was the middle class affected by WW1(3)

A

unhappy with treatment of the wounded, set up medical organisations, duma dismissed after asking for more support from the Tsar

24
Q

how was the aristocrats affected by WW1(4)

A

tsar blamed for failures(1915 onwards), junior offices took devastating losses, fewer workers for land, tsarina and Rasputin in charge which was very unpopular

25
Q

when was Rasputin killed and by who

A

1916 by prince Yusopov

26
Q

when did the soldiers mutiny and what did they form

A

Feb 27th 1917

27
Q

what happened to the Tsar’s train

A

it was diverted

28
Q

when did the tsar abdicate

A

March 2nd 1917

29
Q

what was the provisional government

A

a temporary government made of the Duma and the Petrograd soviets. held power until an election

30
Q

what was order no 1

A

the orders of the Duma will only be carried out when they don’t contradict the Soviets’ orders

31
Q

how long did the PG last

A

8 months

32
Q

what does Soviets mean

A

council

33
Q

who were the soviets

A

revolutionary councils mostly made of working classes who have a big say in how they’re run. popular with city workers and soldiers

34
Q

who was the original leader of the PG

A

prince Lvov

35
Q

how many members were in the PG

A

12

36
Q

how many soviets were there

A

2500

37
Q

what were the 3 urgent descisions

A

War or peace, distribution of land to peasants, how best to get food to the starving cities

38
Q

what did the PG do about war and peace

A

stayed in war under ally pressure. Kerensky rallied army for failed offensive which led to soldiers deserting

39
Q

what did the PG do about dividing the land

A

told peasants to wait for elections however they were ignored as peasants and deserters began taking the countryside over

40
Q

what did the PG do about getting food to the citizens

A

nothing as many kept starving as food was given to soldiers

history (2 decks)

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