Russia Facts Stalin

Question 1

First five year plan

Answer 1

1928 introduced by gosplan to have doubled heavy industry and increased economic growth rate by 5 to 6%.

The plan was intended to supersede the US economy in 20 years want to set them on to 250% increase in heavy industry alone

Question 2

Collectivisation

Answer 2

Collectivisation includes the removal of private property from the peasants there are two types of collectivised farms kolkhozy and sovkhozy. It combines up to 100 private holdings.

Question 3

Industrialisation

Answer 3

Intention of this was to support the output of the industry to 105 million tonnes of coal 44 to 55 million tonnes of oil 24 to 32 million iron ore 15 to 16 million pig iron

Question 4

Resistance to collectivisation

Answer 4

Over 30,000 arson attacks occurred and the number of rural disturbances Rose 172 in the first half of 1929 to 229 in the second half

Question 5

Numbers in collectivisation

Answer 5

In 1930 25% of population in collective farms by 1941 100%

Question 6

Collectivisation failure

Answer 6

In 1928 33 million horses 70 million cattle 26 million pigs and 146 sheep and goats by 1932 15 million horses 34 million cattle 9 million pigs and 42 million sheep and goats.

Question 7

Purges - police

Answer 7

Between 1932 to 1934 the NKVD became responsible for all borDER please nonpolice secret police and military police

They then arrested 1106 of the 1996 delegates of the Communist soviet. They also arrested 41 of the 139 Central committee members.

Question 8

3 heads of NKVD

Answer 8

Yezhov was that the first head of the NKVD he was executed in 1934 and replaced by Yagoda. He was then in turn executed by Beria who was executed in 1953.

Question 9

Purge of the armed forces

Answer 9

All 11 war commissars were removed from office. Three of the five marshals of the Soviet union was dismissed. 91 members of the 101 man supreme military council were arrested, of 80 were executed. 14 of the 16 army commanders and nearly 2/3 of the 280 divisional commanders were removed. Half of the officer corps 35,000 in total where either or imprisoned or shot.

Question 10

Purge of the people

Answer 10

To state Prime Minister’s were removed. 4/5 of the regional party secretaries were removed. Thousands of lower officials lost their posts. One in eight of the population were arrested during the purges

Question 11

Costs of the purges

Answer 11

1934 1 million were arrested and executed in mainly Moscow and Leningrad.

1937 17 to 18 million had been transported to labour camps 10 million of these died

1942 million more deported due to the occupied territory of Poland

1939 another 5 to 7,000,000 had been repressed. 1 million of these being shot, another 1 to 2 million dying in the camps.

1941 4 million small ethnic groups deported

Question 12

Repression of art and film

Answer 12

1936 to 37 68 films had to be withdrawn and 30 were taken out of circulation.

At the same period 10 out of the 19 plays and ballets where ordered to be withdrawn

Question 13

Famines

Answer 13

1932-34 horrible death rates due to the punishment for grain hoarding