Russia: Collectivisation Flashcards
What is collectivisation?
Collectivisation is a socialist idea involving process of turning small individual land into a large collective land belonging to the state
How many peasants got collectivised?
In 1929, less than 5% of peasants were on collective farms whereas in 1941, it was 100%
How were peasants on collectivised farms monitored?
Communist groups such as the 25,000ers
Secret Police from MTS Stations
Which rival did Stalin defeat as a result of collectivisation?
Bukharin
What was the ‘passive resistance’?
Many peasants openly complained, refused to sell grain, elected local kulaks rather than members of the Communist Party, and killed 25% of livestock by 1930.
Was collectivisation a political success?
The extent of Stalin’s control over the peasants and the terror methods that were implemented across the countryside resulting in around 10 million deaths suggests that his control was widespread and he was successful in his aims.
Give 3 reasons why collectivisation was an ideological success?
Communal buildings resulted in socialisation which was a socialist ideal.
No class divide as most Kulaks were killed.
20% of produce was handed to the state for using equipment from MTS.
Give the main ideological downside to collectivisation?
Private plots were the peasants’ main source of income due to the lack of money given to them from the state. 1/3 of produce came from private plots despite covering just 4% of farmland.
How many peasants moved to cities as a result of collectivisation?
19 million
How much did exports increase?
Exports increased from 0.03 million in 1928 to 5 million tonnes in 1931.
How many peasants died in the famine?
7 million
