Russia Flashcards
Why was Russia difficult to govern
Because of the sheer size - 1/6th of earths land was russia
Why did people have a problem with the tsar
Because of his total dictatorship and the fact that political parties were banned ans there was no parliament
What were the secret police called during the Tsars reign
Okhrana
What were the middle class called
The bourgeoisie
Why were the middle class causing a problem to the Tsar
It was growing with industrialization and they wanted a say in how the country was run
Why was morale low in Russia
80 percent of the population were peasants and living conditions were very poor. Most families had to live in a single room. Starvation was common too
Why were industrial workers so angry with the Tsar and wanted change
They had terrible living conditions and had to work long hours with pay lower than minimum wage.
What did the Tsar do to stop the industrial workers acting out against their horrible conditions
Banned trade unions and made strikes illegal
Why was the Tsar not the right person for the job (personality)
He was not charismatic and forceful which the people of Russia needed. He was not inspirational
Why was the Tsar such a weak leader
He was appointed as Tsar early on and wasn’t ready for it. He knew little about the people he governed
What was the religious problem with the Tsar
He believed he had complete divine right and therefore did not believe in reform
What is a liberal
A political view where people believe in individual rights and democracy
What did the liberals want
A duma (parliament) and the right to make political parties
Who made up the liberals
The middle class
What did the social revolutionaries want
Sieze power by revolution and for land to be taken from the nobility and given to the peasants
What did social democrats want
A revolution to bring about a communist government
What political view did the mensheviks and bolsheviks have politically
Social democracy
Why was there dispute between the mensheviks and bolsheviks
The mensheviks believed power should be spread by a big party and the bolsheviks thought power should be controlled by one core leader
What did the industrial slump cause
Workers to be laid off which led to strikes and general unhappiness
Why did the Russo Japanese War loss anger the Russian population
It cost a lot of money and made the Russian people question their leader. Other countries viewed russia as a lesser power which was massively humiliating for the people.
What was the Russo Japanese War fought over
Manchuria
What did Russia lose after losing the war which added to humiliation
A lot of land
How was food further disrupted after the loss of the war against Japan
Raised prices as food supplies were disrupted
How many people were in the protest on bloody sunday
Hundreds of thousands
Who led the bloody Sunday crowd
Father gapon
What did the bloody Sunday March hope to achieve
8 hour working days and minimum wage
Was the tsar in his palace on bloody sunday
No
How many people died on bloody sunday
Nearly 1,000
When was bloody sunday
22 January 1905
How many people were on strike by the end of January because of bloody sunday
400,000
What did some cities do in protest against bloody sunday
Elected soviets, councils, to take control
What happened during June and July
Which affected landlords
Peasants started murdering landlords and taking their land
What did the st Petersburg soviets do
Formed coordinated strikes paralyzing the city
What did sergei white convince the tsar
Granting concessions to the liberals was the only way to regain their support
When was the October manifesto
30th October
What did the October manifesto help set up
A duma
The October manifesto regained the support of who
The middle class
What were redemption payments
Peasants had to pay for land that they previously received
When did the tsars troops return from fighting Japan and what did it mean for the tsar
December
The tsar could regain his control over the Russian people
What happened to the st Petersburg soviets when the tsar regained control
He used force to shut down the st Petersburg soviets and arrested its leaders
How many people were killed in the soviet uprising in moscow when the tsar was regained power
1000
What did the tsar do whenever the duma started speaking against him
Dissolve it with armed militia so there was no threat
How many peasants were sent to prisons in Siberia for their part in the revolution
A thousand
Between 1907 and 1911 how many people were hung and what was the noose nicknamed
- Stolypins necktie
What were the peasants who bought land to make farms called (middle class peasants)
Kulaks
What were the peasants banks and how many farmers signed up for them
They were banks set up to help farmers become kulaks and 15 percent of farmers signed up
What did the tsar do to keep the armed forces satisfied
Improved their conditions such as giving them fresh meat to eat on the boats
When was the industrial boom and how many strikes were there and why
1906 and 1914
Thousands
Because there was no improvements to the living conditions
