Rural Urban Migration : China

Question 1

Characteristics of the movement

Answer 1

-Northern and Western rural provinces to Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong
-Sichuan province has the largest outflows of migration with net migration at 7.5 mil from 1990 - 2005

Question 2

Push factors of rural area

Answer 2

-Little work in factories in the countryside, ppl have to travel long way for work
-Paid less ( income were less than 40% of urban incomes in 1978)
-Lower standard of living (Sichuan : farmers lived on less than $2/day)
-Less career opportunities for youth due to the low level of economy

Question 3

Pull factors in urban area

Answer 3

-Better education : majority of population attend secondary school and college
-Better housing
-Advanced medical care

Question 4

Positive impacts of source areas

Answer 4

-Remittances : 300 mil migrant workers in China
-Improve living conditions and school fees may be paid

Question 5

Positive impacts of receiving areas

Answer 5

-More people are willing to work for low wages
-China’s expanding economy
-Help construct the city

Question 6

Negative impacts of source area

Answer 6

-72.5% migrants are young male, remaining family less physically able to carry out heavy tasks
-Families separated as children are often left behind in the rural areas
-Farms are abandoned : according to Science direct : 1/10 farmlands are abandoned