rural Flashcards
For a rainforest or semi arid area that you have studied, discuss the impacts of land degradation on the area
-Crop failure/dead livestock increases malnutrition and starvation impacts child development
-Large scale migration urban areas forming/expanding informal settlements
- More refugee camps EG. Darfur
-Migration causes ethnic conflicts
-Relying on high interest loans and international aid
-Deteriorating soil structure causing desertification (advance of Sahara)
Explain techniques uses to manage rural land degradation
1 -Ripple Africa charity supplies fuel-efficient cook stoves
2 -educating farmers reducing herd sizes protecting the soil
3 -moveable fences prevents overgrazing soil recovery
4 -magic stones lines along contours on slopes promotes infiltration and build up of fertile topsoil
comment on the effectiveness of strategies used to manage rural land degradation
1 -Reduces deforestation less wood needed
2 -Hesitant as they will loose valuable income
3 -Requires tribes to work together when there may already be high tensions
4 -Simple technology involves whole community suitable for low income
5 -Long term solution trees take long time to grow
Explain the physical causes of land degradation in a rainforest or semi arid area
In the Sahel
-ITCZ causes long dry seasons
-rainfall is becoming more variable due to the Tropical Maritime not reaching inland enough
Explain the human causes of land degradation in a rainforest or semi arid area
-Overgrazing removing vegetation soil is exposed to wind and heavy rain
-Cattle trampling the ground reducing infiltration rates
-increasing population demands for food/fuel land is stresses causing crop failures and soil loosing structure
-Deforestation for fuel leaves protect soil from rainsplash and roots bind soil together
-Salinization from irrigating crops and high evaporation rates bring salt to the surface as water pulled through layers of soil
