Malaria Flashcards
Causes of Malaria (Physical)
-temperatures between 15-40°C
-humidity of at least 60%
-Stagnant water for larvae
-areas of shade to digest blood in
-female anopheles mosquito present
Causes of Malaria (Human)
-air travel can further the spread
-lack of education can make people unaware of the transmission of Malaria
-exposed skin allows mosquitos to bite sleeping residents
-open sewers can create stagnant water
-very densely populated areas provide a blood supply for the mosquito
Impacts of Malaria
-many children under 5 dying
-adults too sick to work unable to provide for family trapped in poverty
-lack of food (malnutrition) makes them more vulnerable
-slows development money having to be in healthcare not education/services
-low GNP due to tourists being less likely to visit
Management strategies of Malaria
(1)- draining stagnant water removes breeding grounds
(2)-spray oil on surface of water suffocates larvae
(3)-Insecticides (DDT) to kill the mosquito
(4)-BTI coconuts in bodies of water destroys stomach lining of larvae
(5)-Genetic Engineering sterilises males to reduce number of mosquitos
(6)-Education through local health campaigns to stay indoors during dawn/dusk
(7)-adding larvae-eating fish (muddy loach) to bodies of water
(8)-Planting Eucalyptus trees to soak up stagnant water
(9)-Use of Quinine to kill plasmodium in human
effectiveness of management strategies
malaria
(1)-very expensive, requires manpower, impractical
(2)-very expensive, impossible to cover all water, pollutes the water
(3)-highly pollutive to all ecosystems, resistance is building, harmful effects to humans
(4)-cheap to grow, coconuts are common, only 2/3 for a pond per month
(5)-likely expensive, development stage, could affect the food chain
(6)-very effective and cheap, requires organisation skills unaffordable
(7)-cheap, provides source of protein for locals
(8)-provides shade for digestion of blood
(9)-mosquitos are becoming resistant
