run for your life Flashcards
is ATP water soluble
yes
has polar groups
what type of reaction forms ADP and Pi from ATP
hydrolysis
what type of reaction forms ATP from ADP and Pi
phosphorylation
what is respiration
process of breaking down a respiratory substrate in order to produce ATP using oxygen
examples of a respiratory substrate
glucose
fatty acids
amino acids
what is the energy formed from respiration used for
to phosphorylate ADP to form ATP
what are the stages of aerobic respiration
- glycolysis
- the Link reaction
- the Krebs cycle
- oxidative phosphorylation
what are NAD and FAD
coenzymes
responsible for transferring H between molecules
can reduce/ oxidise molecules
what is coenzyme A
responsible for transfer of acetate
mitochondria outer membrane
smooth
permeable to several small molecules
mitochondria inner membrane
folded (into cristae)
less permeable
site of electron transport chain used in oxidative phosphorylation
location of ATP synthase enzymes
mitochondria inter membrane space
low pH cos go high conc of protons
conc grad formed during oxidative phosphorylation
which is essential for ATP synthesis
mitochondria matrix
aqueous sol within inner membrane
contains ribosomes, enzymes, circular mitochondrial DNA
where does glycolysis occur
cytoplasm
where does the Link reaction occur
matrix of mitochondria
where does the Krebs cycle occur
matrix of mitochondria
where does oxidative phosphorylation occur
inner membrane of mitochondria
does glycolysis require oxygen
no
what does glycolysis produce during aerobic respiration
2 pyruvate
2 ATP
2 reduced NAD/ NADH
.
steps of glycolysis
phosphorylation of glucose:
uses 2 ATP to provide 2 P
produces 2 triose phosphate
and 2 ADP
oxidation of triode phosphate:
triose phosphate loses H
forms 2 pyruvate
H+ collected by 2 NAD
NAD reduced to form 2 NADH
4 ATP produced
in glycolysis, why is the net gain of ATP 2
4 produced
but 2 were used yo phosphorylate glucose
what does pyruvate contain?
chemical energy
how does pyruvate travel from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix
active transport