Ruminant diarrhea

Question 1

Major cause of early calf mortality & is hypersecretory

Answer 1

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

Question 2

Rotavirus pathohysiology

Answer 2

SI only that is localized to villous tips

- enzymes def

Question 3

Coronavirus targets…

Answer 3

SI & colon causing vili blunting

Question 4

What type of salmonella is cattle specific?

Answer 4

dublin (Group D)

Question 5

Of the ruminant neonatal diarrhea causes, which is usually bloody?

Answer 5

Salmonellosis

Clostridium perfringes can cause low volume bloody diarrhea

Question 6

Pathonogmonic for salmonellosis necropsy?

Answer 6

fibrinonecrotic/diphtheritic membranes) or sheets of sloughing mucosa

Question 7

Is Cryptosporidium parvum zoonotic?

Answer 7

Yes, endemic in farms!

Question 8

Cryptosporidium parvum targets:

Answer 8

villous atrophy/fusion and crypt inflam

Question 9

Calf therapy for recumbent or weak calf

Answer 9

IV fluids, abx? Ideally improve w/i 6 hrs, only withdraw milk from severe cases

Question 10

Calf therapy for ambulatory calf

Answer 10

Oral fluid therapy, 4-6 L daily, interspersed w/milk feeding, abx?

Question 11

What is the most common cause of acute diar in adult cattle?

Answer 11

Salmonella

Question 12

What is a coronavirus with explosive outbreaks of diar btw Oct and Apr

Answer 12

Winter Dysentery

Question 13

Causative agent of Johne’s Disease?

Answer 13

Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis

Question 14

Prevalence with Johnes DZ

Answer 14

prevalent in dairy herds, but can affect all ruminants including hoofstock
- Cattle> Sheep>goat

Question 15

Johnes DZ DX

Answer 15

 Herd MAP status – environmental testing, ELISA on population
 Individual animal w/CS – Ab quantitative ELISA, fecal culture, PCR
◦ Small rum – ELISA, camelids – fecal PCR

Question 16

Clinical signs of BVD

Answer 16

viral diar, reproductive syndr, congenital deform, immunosuppression, persistent infxn & mucosal dz

Question 17

Acute mucosal disease affects:

Answer 17

 Sudden onset affecting cow >6 mo (infected in utero before day 150)
 most die w/i 1 wk