RT Carcinogenesis, Heritable effects, RT in the embryo/fetus

Question 1

Following exposure, what cancer has the shortest latency period?

Answer 1

Leukemia

Question 2

Most common cancer in Chernobyl?

Answer 2

Thyroid cancer with a short latency period

Question 3

What cancer was not seen post radiation exposure?

Answer 3

Pancreatic, uterine, prostate

Question 4

Following exposure to 1 Sv, how many will die of cancer?

Answer 4

8%

Question 5

What percent of lung cancer deaths are caused by indoor radon exposure?

Answer 5

10-20%

Question 6

Shape of curve of cancer following A-bomb

Answer 6

Linear, no threshold dose response curve

Question 7

Kids treated with RT for tinea capitis had a higher incidence of what cancers?

Answer 7

brain, breast, leukemia, thyroid

Question 8

Lifetime additional cancer risk following 100 mSv?

Answer 8

1%

Question 9

After RT in utero, what is the increase of cancer?

Answer 9

1.5 risk or 50%

Question 10

Doubling dose in humans

Answer 10

1.5 Sv, the dose needed to double the spontaneous mutation rate

Question 11

What is the GSD?

Answer 11

Genetically significant dose, the average dose to teh gonads weighted to reflect childbearing potential.
0.3 mSv for radiation exposures

Question 12

Permanent sterility in men

Answer 12

6 Gy

Question 13

Permanent sterility in women

Answer 13

12 Gy in girls

2 Gy in mature premenopausal woman

Question 14

Ratio of RT induced deaths from leukemia to solid tumors?

Answer 14

1:4

Question 15

Are males or females more susceptible to radiation mutagenesis?

Answer 15

Males

Question 16

Do males or females get more cancer following radiation exposure?

Answer 16

females

Question 17

Is age at exposure important?

Answer 17

Yes, more sensitive when young

Question 18

What are not radiation-induced cancer?

Answer 18

pancreas, uterine, prostate

Question 19

ALARA stands for

Answer 19

As Low As Reasonable Achievable

Question 20

annual exposure per year

Answer 20

6 mSv

Question 21

megamouse project conclusions

Answer 21

1) Radiosensitivity of different mutations varies due to differences in gene size
2) acute exposure results in MORE mutations compared to low dose rate exposure (due to repair)
3) heritable consequences are reduced if time is allowed before conception
4) the estimate of doubling dose based on these data was set at 1 Gy based on low dose rate exposure