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RPAs Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Field investigation RPA:

What is the purpose of the RPA?

A

investigating a species population size and distribution

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2
Q

Field investigation RPA:

How do find the area of the habitat?

A

Base x height

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3
Q

Field investigation RPA:

What do you do with the Quadrat?

A

Throw randomly onto the habitat

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4
Q

Field investigation RPA:

What do you do once you’ve thrown the Quadrat? 2pts

A

Count the amount of species in the Quadrat and record the number

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5
Q

Field investigation RPA:

How many times do you throw the Quadrat?

A

10 times

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6
Q

Field investigation RPA:

what do you do with the results table?

A

Find the mean number of species per Quadrat

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7
Q

Field investigation RPA:

How do you estimate the population size? 2pts

A

Divide the habitat area by area of 1 Quadrat

Then multiply that by the mean number

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8
Q

Field investigation (transect) RPA:

What do you do to make the transect line?

A

A measuring tape

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9
Q

Field investigation (transect) RPA:

what do you do once you have drawn the transect?

A

Place a Quadrat at equal intervals along the transect line

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10
Q

Field investigation (transect) RPA:

what do you do to each Quadrat along the transect?

A

Use a light meter to test the light intensity of each Quadrat

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11
Q

Field investigation (transect) RPA:

what do you do with the recorded results?

A

Analyse the correlation between light intensity and population of each Quadrat

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12
Q

Germination RPA:

what is the purpose of this RPA?

A

To investigate the factor of light on seedling growth

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13
Q

Germination RPA:

What is phototropism?

A

The ability of plants to grow away or towards light

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14
Q

Germination RPA:

How many Petri dishes do you use?

A

3

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15
Q

Germination RPA:

What do you fill the Petri dishes with?

A

Damp cotton wool and 10 mustard seeds

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16
Q

Germination RPA:

What do you do to the dishes once seeds have been placed?

A

Leave in the warm to germinate

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17
Q

Germination RPA:

What do you do with the dishes once they have germinated? 3pts

A

Place one in direct sunlight

One in partial sunlight

One in complete darkness

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18
Q

Germination RPA:

How long do you leave the seedlings?

A

5 days

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19
Q

Germination RPA:

How often do you check the seedlings? What do you do when you check them?

A

Every day and measure the height

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20
Q

Germination RPA:

What do you do with the results?

A

Calculate the mean height of each seedling everyday of each dish

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21
Q

Germination RPA:

Which one would the tallest be?

A

One in darkness

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22
Q

Germination RPA:

which one would be yellowing? Why?

A

One in darkness
No sunlight which uncoloured the chlorophyll

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23
Q

Photosynthesis RPA:

What is the purpose of this investigation?

A

Investigating the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis

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24
Q

Photosynthesis RPA:

Where do you place the lamp throughout the investigation? 2pts

A

Start 5cm away from pondweed
Move 5cm away every 30 seconds

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25
Q

Photosynthesis RPA:

What are you counting every 30 seconds?

A

Number of bubbles coming out the pondweed tip

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26
Q

Photosynthesis RPA:

What is the boiling tube filled with? 2pts

A

Cut pondweed
Water

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27
Q

Photosynthesis RPA:

What does a large number of bubbles mean?

A

Fast rate of photosynthesis

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28
Q

Photosynthesis RPA:

What happens to the number of bubbles the further you move the light away?

A

Rate of photosynthesis decrease, amount of bubbles decreases

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29
Q

Photosynthesis RPA:

How many times do you move the light?

A

10 times

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30
Q

Photosynthesis RPA:

What do you do with the results?

A

Plot a graph

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31
Q

Microbiology RPA:

What is the purpose of this investigation?

A

Investigating the effect of antiseptics on bacterial growth

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32
Q

Microbiology RPA:

What do you do first thing to the agar plate?

A

Treat it with bacteria

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33
Q

Microbiology RPA:

How many antiseptics do you use? What else do you use?

A

3 antiseptics
1 control (nothing)

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34
Q

Microbiology RPA:

Why do we use a control?

A

So we can see how the antiseptics compare

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35
Q

Microbiology RPA:

How do you divide the Agar Plate?

A

Equally into four sections by marking it with a cross

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36
Q

Microbiology RPA:

What do you use the forceps for?

A

To place the antiseptic filter paper disk onto each section (apart from the control)

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37
Q

Microbiology RPA:

What do you do to the control?

A

Place a blank filter disk onto the section

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38
Q

Microbiology RPA:

How do you stop any unwanted bacterial growth?

A

Secure the agar plate with transparent tape (not fully though)

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39
Q

Microbiology RPA:

After how long do you measure the ZOI (zone of inhibition)

A

One week later

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40
Q

Microbiology RPA:

How do you measure the Area of inhibition?

A

Pi times radius squared

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41
Q

Germination RPA:

At what temperature do we leave the agar plate at? Why?

A

25°C
To prevent dangerous bacterial growth

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42
Q

Enzyme RPA:

What is the purpose of this investigation?

A

To investigate the activity of amylase at different pHs

43
Q

Enzyme RPA:

What does amylase do?

A

Breaks down starch into simple sugars

44
Q

Enzyme RPA:

What colour does iodine turn in the presence of starch?

A

Blue-black

45
Q

Enzyme RPA:

How much starch do you measure?

A

5cm3

46
Q

Enzyme RPA:

How much buffer solution do you measure out? How many test tubes do you put it in?

A

2cm3
2 test tubes

47
Q

Enzyme RPA:

What do you put in both test tubes?

A

5cm3 of starch
2cm3 of buffer solution

48
Q

Enzyme RPA:

What do you do differently to the test tubes?

A

Add 5cm3 of amylase to one

Add 5cm3 of distilled water to the other

49
Q

Enzyme RPA:

Where do you place both test tubes once everything has been added?

A

Place both in water bath for 30 seconds

50
Q

Enzyme RPA:

What do you do to the test tubes once they have been left in water baths for 30 seconds? 2pts

A

Use 2 pipettes of each solution onto the spotting tile
Add a drop of iodine to each one

51
Q

Enzyme RPA:

How many times do you add the two solutions to the tile?

A

Until there is no colour change

52
Q

Enzyme RPA:

Why does the temperature have to be so specific?

A

So the amylase doesn’t denature

53
Q

Enzyme RPA:

What does the test tube with distilled water act as?
What will it’s results always be?

A

The control
Will always turn Blue-Black

54
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What is the purpose of this investigation?

A

To view sub cellular structures close up of both animal and plant cells

55
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What cells are used?
What has to happen to both?

A

Human cheek cells
Onion cells
Stained with iodine

56
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What equation is used in this investigation?

A

Image size = actual size x magnification

57
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What unit is actual size measured in?

A

Micrometers (um)

58
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What type of microscope is used?

A

Light microscope

59
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What do we use the coarse adjustment knob for?

A

To move the stage up and down

60
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What magnification do we position it at?

A

X40

61
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What do we look through when observing the cells

A

The eyepiece

62
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What do you use the fine adjustment knob for?

A

To bring the image into focus

63
Q

Microscopy RPA:

What do you put the cells on? 3pts

A

On the slide
Put iodine on
Put glass cover slip over the top

64
Q

Osmosis RPA:

What is the purpose of this investigation?

A

To investigate osmosis using sugar solutions and plant tissue

65
Q

Osmosis RPA:

What is osmosis?

A

The movement of water from an area of low solute to an area of higher solute across a PPM

66
Q

Osmosis RPA:

How do you cut up the potato tissue? 2pts

A

Cut 5 equal pieces of potato using a cylindrical cutter
Weigh their mass

67
Q

Osmosis RPA:

What do you do with the solutions?

A

Measure the same volume of different sugar concentrations + 1 distilled water solution
Start with 0.25mol/dm3 of sugar solution and go up
Measure 4 sugar solutions and 1 distilled water solution

68
Q

Osmosis RPA:

How long do you leave the tissue in the boiling tubes of solution for?

A

30 minutes

69
Q

Osmosis RPA:

What do you do once you’ve taken the tissue out the solution?

A

Record the new mass

70
Q

Osmosis RPA:

How do you calculate the percentage change in mass?

A

Change
————- x 100
Original

71
Q

Osmosis RPA:

What is on the X-Axis when plotting the graph?

A

Concentration

72
Q

Osmosis RPA:

What does an increase in mass mean?

A

More water has moved into the tissue because the concentration was lower in the solution

73
Q

Reaction time RPA:

What is the purpose of this investigation?

A

To investigate the effect of practice on reaction time

74
Q

Reaction time RPA:

How many people are used in this investigation?

A

Two

75
Q

Reaction time RPA:

How is the ruler used in this investigation? 2pts

A

One person will catch it between their finger and thumb
It will be level with their finger at 0cm

76
Q

Reaction time RPA:

Does the person catching the ruler know when it’s going to be dropped?

A

No

77
Q

Reaction time PRA:

What must the student remember to do to the results of the ruler?

A

Repeat 10 times

78
Q

Reaction time RPA:

What two variables are measured in this RPA:

A

Reaction time
The cm they caught the ruler at

79
Q

Reaction time RPA:

What happens to the reaction time the more people practice?

A

It decreases

80
Q

Reaction time RPA:

What factors effect reaction time?

A

Caffeine
Tiredness
Age

81
Q

Food tests RPA:

What chemicals is used to test for lipids?

A

Ethanol + water

82
Q

Food tests RPA:

What colour will the substance turn if lipids is present?

A

Milky white

83
Q

Food tests RPA:

What colour will the substance turn if starch is present?

A

Blue-black

84
Q

Food tests RPA:

What chemical is used to test for starch?

A

Iodine

85
Q

Food tests RPA:

What chemical is used to test for sugars

A

Benedict’s solution

86
Q

Food tests RPA:

What colour will the substance turn if sugar is present?

A

Orange-red

87
Q

Food tests RPA:

In what food test must the substance be heated with the chemical?

A

Glucose/sugar test

88
Q

Food test RPA:

What degree must the water bath be heated at for the glucose test?

A

80°c

89
Q

Food tests RPA:

What colour will the substance turn if protein is present?

A

Violet

90
Q

Food tests RPA:

What chemical is used to test for protein?

A

Biurets solution

91
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

What is the purpose of this RPA:

A

To investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of decay

92
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

How much milk do you add? And what do you put it in?

A

5cm3
Boiling tube

93
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

What else do you add to the boiling tube of milk?
What do you add after that? What happens?

A

Cresol red indicator
7cm3 of sodium carbonate
(should turn red/purple)

94
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

What digestive enzyme do you use?
What do you do with it?

A

Lipase
Add 5cm3 to another boiling tube

95
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

What do you do to both boiling tubes?

A

Place in water bath until they reach 30°c

96
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

What do you do to the boiling tubes after they have been heated? 2pts

A

Transfer 1cm3 of lipase solution to the milk boiling tube
Record how long it takes for it to turn yellow

97
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

How many times do you repeat the lipase transfer at different temperatures?

A

Until the milk doesn’t turn yellow anymore

98
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

Why would the milk stop turning yellow eventually?

A

The lipase would have denatured and no longer would work

99
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

When drawing a graph of the results, what should be on the x-axis and y-axis?

A

Temperature
Time

100
Q

Rate of decay RPA:

What does milk produce when it decays? What does it do?

A

Lactic acid
Reduces the pH

101
Q

Germination RPA:

What does auxin control?

A

Controls growth

102
Q

Germination RPA:

What do plants use auxin to grow towards? 2pts

A

Gravity
Light

103
Q

Germination RPA:

What is tropism?

A

The ability for a plant to move in response to a stimulus (light + gravity)

Biology (5 decks)

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