Royal City of Ur, Sumer/Akkad/ BabylonMesopotamia, Inventions, Religion Flashcards

1
Q

Flooding of Tigris and Euphrates

A

Pros- It gave silt which made land fertile
Cons- it was unpredictable and it could flood crops
Result- made people create Gods to explain disasters

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2
Q

Royal City of Ur

A

Ancient city

Graves contained useful information

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3
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

The region where there is fertile soil

Where first civilizations appeared due to river valleys

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4
Q

Sumer’s history

A

Switch from nomadic life to farming

Systematic agriculture discovered

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5
Q

Mesopotamia meaning

A

Land between the rivers

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6
Q

Farming tools

A

Plow and Ox

Wheel

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7
Q

Inventions

A
  • Plow and ox
  • Cuneiform
  • Potter’s wheel
  • Wheel (3000BC)
  • Mud bricks
  • Arch
  • Number system based off sixty
  • Calendar
  • Sundial
  • Bronze
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8
Q

Ziggurat

A

A huge square building with a distinctive stepped shape

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9
Q

Kings (beliefs on kings)

A

Believed to be chosen by God

-so going against them was going against God (divine right)

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10
Q

Divine Right

A

The king was chosen by God and can communicate with him

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11
Q

How can divine right backfire

A

If the king dies or is killed/usurped it can be said that it was God’s will

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12
Q

Taxes

A
  • Having a house (spend time working), livestock, food

- Pays for army king, repairs

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13
Q

Hierarchy

A
  • King
  • Priest
  • Nobles (kings workers)
  • Peasants (farmers)
  • Slaves
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14
Q

Economy

A
  • Barter Economy
  • Textiles
  • Pottery
  • Metalwork
  • Barley/Wheat
  • Imports: copper, tin, timber
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15
Q

Society

A
  • Hierarchy
  • 90% farmers
  • Slaves were owned by the rich
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16
Q

Cities

A
  • Uruk
  • Ur
  • Eridu
  • Each city was dedicated to a God
  • If cities grew powerful
  • They had a ziggurat at the center, the noble houses surrounding it, and then the peasantry
17
Q

Religion

A

Polytheistic

18
Q

Rulers

A
  • Priests and priestesses held great power

- this caused a theocracy

19
Q

Royal Standard of Ur

A

An artifact found at a royal cemetary

  • Depicts war and peace
  • useful to scholars
  • side 1: king recieving prisoners
  • side 2: soldiers killing enemies
  • side 3: men carrying tributes to their conquerors
20
Q

Why are their inventions still useful today

A

We use a form of them

21
Q

How were the Gods

A

Easily angered, needed sacrifice

22
Q

Babylon, Sumer, Akkad

23
Q

Akkad

A
  • North of Sumer

- Kingdom

24
Q

Fall of Akkad

A
  • Naramsin attacked nomads who attacked him back
  • other kingdoms attacked him
  • then Hammurabi came
25
Q

Sargon

A

Took over city states -c. 2340BC

-Was cupbearer to old king and took him over

26
Q

First empire

A

Sargon’s Empire