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Cisco CCENT ICND1 > Routing Fundamentals > Flashcards

Routing Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

In routing, what are the packet forwarding mechanisms

A

Process switching
Fast switching
Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF)

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2
Q

What is process switching

A

Legacy, rarely used
Packets are forwarded to control plane where CPU matches destination address with entry in routing table
Slow.

(think of this as solving a problem by doing math long hand even if it is an identical problem)

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3
Q

What is fast switching

A

Common
Uses cache to store next hop information
If it is not there, it is process switched

(think of this as solving a math problem long hand and remembering the answer for subsequent problems)

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4
Q

What is CEF

A

Most recent
CEF builds a Forward information Base (FIB) and adjacency table
Table entries are not packet triggered like fast switching but change triggered when something changes in the network topology

(think of this as solving every possible problem ahead of time in a spreadsheet)

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5
Q

How does a router forward a frame

A

De-encapsulates layer 2 frame header and trailer to inspect layer 3 packet

Examines IP address to find best path

If path found, encapsulates the L3 packet into new L2 frame and forwards it to correct exit interface

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6
Q

How does RIP determine best path

A

Hop count

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7
Q

How does OSPF determine best path

A

Ciscos cost based on cumulative BW from source to destination

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8
Q

How does EIGRP determine best path

A

BW
Delay
Load
Reliability

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9
Q

What happens when a router has two or more paths to destination with equal cost metrics

A

Forwards packet using both paths equally

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10
Q

How do you configure a default static route

A

Router (config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 (ip add | exit int)

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11
Q

What is a floating static route

A

Used to provide a backup path to the primate static or dynamic route in the event of a failutre
Configure with higher AD

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12
Q

What is the administrative distance

A

If multiple routes exist on same network, the route uses the one with the lowest AD

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13
Q

How is floating static route configure

A

Same as static route but number on the end for AD

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14
Q

What is a distance vector protocol

A

Does not have knowledge of entire path to destination

Uses routers as ‘sign posts’ along path to destination

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15
Q

What is a link state protocol

A

Has complete view of topology or network

Like having a map

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16
Q

What are the main distant vector protocols

A

Rip v1
Rip v2
IGRP
EIGRP

17
Q

What are the main link state protocols

A

OSPF

IS-IS

18
Q

What is the main exterior gateway protocol

A

BGP

19
Q

What is the AD of a connected interface

A

0

20
Q

What is the AD of a static route

A

1

21
Q

What is the AD of EIGRP

A

90

22
Q

What is the AD of OSPF

A

110

23
Q

What is the AD of RIPv2

A

120

24
Q

What is the difference between RIP and RIPv2

A

RIPv2 uses classless addressing instead of classful

RIPv2 can send multicast instead of broadcast

25
Q

How is rip configured

A

router rip

network 192.168.1.0

26
Q

How is RIPv2 enabled?

A

using the ‘version 2’ command

27
Q

What is auto sumarisation

A

Also called supernetting

Borrows bits from the network ID to represent networks

28
Q

How is auto sumarisation disabled

A

Using the ‘no auto-summary’ command

29
Q

What is a passive interface

A

Receives routing updates but doesn’t send any

30
Q

How is a passive interface configured

A

router rip
passive-interface g0/0
end

31
Q

What side of a serial cable DTE and DCE requires the clock speed to be set

A

DCE

32
Q

What are the dynamic routing protocols used with IPv6

A

MP-BGP4
RIPng
OSPFv3

33
Q

When configuring RIP, what command generates a default route

A

default-information originate

34
Q

What is the default interface setting on a router

A

admin down

35
Q

How would you identify a default route in the route table

A

marked with an *

Cisco CCENT ICND1 (5 decks)

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