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Cisco CCENT ICND1 > Network Fundamentals > Flashcards

Network Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

What is TCP port 20/21

A

FTP

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2
Q

What is TCP port 22

A

SSH

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3
Q

What is TCP port 23

A

Telnet

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4
Q

What is TCP port 25

A

SMTP

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5
Q

What is TCP port 53

A

DNS

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6
Q

What is TCP port 80

A

HTTP

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7
Q

What is TCP port 110

A

POP3

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8
Q

What is TCP port 443

A

HTTPS

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9
Q

What is the class A private address range

A

10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255

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10
Q

What is the class B private address range

A

127.16.0.0 - 127.31.255.255

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11
Q

What is the class C private address range

A

192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255

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12
Q

What is a unicast address

A

one to one

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13
Q

What is a broadcast address

A

one to all

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14
Q

What is a multicast address

A

one to many

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15
Q

What is an ipv6 anycast address

A

one to closest

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16
Q

What is an ipv6 link local address

A

Layer 2 domain, for communicating internally. Starts with FE80::/10

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17
Q

What is an ipv6 unique/site local address

A

Used in organisations, like private addresses. Begin with FC00::/7

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18
Q

What is an IPv6 global address

A

Used to access internet, start with 2000::/3

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19
Q

What are the 7 layers of OSI model

A

Application Presentation Session Transport Network Datalink Physical

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20
Q

What are the 4 layers of TCP/IP model

A

Application Transport Internet Network

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21
Q

At the Transport layer, data is broken in to TCP…

A

segments

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22
Q

At the Internet layer (TCP/IP) or Network later (OSI) , tcp segments are encapsulated as…

A

IP packets

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23
Q

At the Network layer (TCP/IP) or Data link (OSI), packets are encapsulated as…

A

Frames

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24
Q

What is bandwidth

A

The capacity of a medium to carry data

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25
Q

What is throughput

A

the measure of the transfer of bits across the media over a given period of time

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26
Q

What are the benefits of using copper cabling

A

Inexpensive Easy to install

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27
Q

What are the 3 main types of copper media

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair Shield Twisted Pair Coaxial

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28
Q

What is a physical topology

A

Describes the layout of the physical components

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29
Q

What is a logical topology

A

How the data flows through the network

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30
Q

What is a rollover cable

A

Connects to switch or router console port

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31
Q

What is a straight through cable

A

Connects dissimilar devices. Computer to switch etc

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32
Q

What is a crossover cable

A

Used for computer to computer or switch to switch, and computer to router (both are hosts)

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33
Q

What is UDP port 53

A

DNS

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34
Q

What is UDP port 67/68

A

DHCP

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35
Q

What is UDP 69

A

TFTP

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36
Q

What is UDP port 123

A

NTP

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37
Q

What is UDP port 161

A

SNMP

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38
Q

What protocols sit at layer 7

A

FTP Telnet TFTP SMTP SNMP DNS HTTP

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39
Q

What protocols sit at layer 6

A

Any presentation protocols e.g ASCII, jpg, .doc

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40
Q

What happens at layer 5

A

The establishment and teardown of sessions

41
Q

What protocols sit at layer 4

A

TCP. UDP

42
Q

What protocols and devices sit at layer 3

A

IP, routing and path determination, routers, ARP

43
Q

What protocols and devices sit at later 2

A

Ethernet, frame relay, PPP, HDLC, MAC address, switches

44
Q

What devices sit at layer 1

A

Bits transferred on media, hubs, repeaters, cables

45
Q

Name the ipv4 class A range

A

1-126

46
Q

Name the ipv4 class B range

A

128-191

47
Q

Name the ipv4 class C range

A

192-223

48
Q

How many bits are ipv4 address

A

32

49
Q

How many bits are ipv6 address

A

128

50
Q

What is the purpose of a subnet mask

A

to differentiate network bits from host bits

51
Q

What is the purpose of the default gateway

A

To send packs off the local network

52
Q

What is the range of ipv6 global unicast addresses

A

2000 - 3FFF

53
Q

If an ipv6 address begins with FE80, what type is it

A

Link local

54
Q

If an IPv6 address begins with FF00::/8 , what is it

A

Multicast

55
Q

What are the 3 parts of a ipv6 global unicast address

A

Global routing prefix - 48 bits Subnet ID - 16 bits Interface ID - 64 bits

56
Q

What is Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)

A

A method that allows a device to obtain its prefix, prefix length and default gateway address information from an IPv6 router without the use of a DHCPv6 server

57
Q

How is ipv6 routing enabled

A

“ipv6 unicast-routing”

58
Q

What is Neighbour discovery protocol (NDP)

A

Its how IPv6 determines layer 2 addresses (replacing ARP)

59
Q

What is meant by Dual Stack

A

Allows IPv4 and IPv6 to coexist on the same network

60
Q

In IPv6, what is meant by tunnelling

A

A method of transporting an IPv6 packet over an IPv4 network

61
Q

What is the difference between a 3 tier and collapsed core architecture

A

3 tier includes an access, distribution and core layer. Collapsed core condenses core and distribution in one layer.

62
Q

Name the UTP cable standards

A

Cat 3 - 10 Mbps Cat 4 - 20 Mbps Cat 5 - 100 Mbps Fast ethernet Cat 5e - 1000 Mbps Gigabit eth Cat 6 - 2500 Mbps

63
Q

What kind of header is this

A

TCP

64
Q

What kind of header is this

A

UDP

65
Q

What type of header is this

A

IP header

66
Q

In a TCP header, what is the source & destination port used for

A

source port - port number of application on host sending data

destination port - port number of application on the destination host

67
Q

On a tcp header, what is the sequence number used for

A

Number used by TCP to put data back in correct order

68
Q

What is a TCP acknowledgement number

A

The value is the tcp octect that is expected next

69
Q

What is the TCP header length

A

indicates wheres the data begins

70
Q

What is the TCP reserved field

A

Always set to 0

71
Q

What are the TCP code bits/flags

A

Controls functions used to set up and terminate session

72
Q

What is the tcp window field

A

The window size the send is willing to accept in octects

73
Q

What is the tcp checksum field

A

Performs CRC check, used because TCP doesn’t trust the lower layers and checks everything. Checks header and data fields.

74
Q

What is the TCP urgent field

A

Valid only if urgent pointer in the code bits is set. If so, value indicates offset from current sequence number in octets, where the segment of nonurgent data begins

75
Q

What is the TCP options field

A

May be 0 meaning no options are set, or a multiple of 32

76
Q

What is the TCP data field

A

Handed to lower layers, the data from upper layers.

77
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the version field do, for ipv4 this is 0100

A

Contains a 4 bit binary value identifying the IP packet version

78
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the field Differentiated Services do

A

used to determine the priority of each packet

formally called Type of service

79
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the TTL field do

A

is used to limit lifetime of a packet, commonly referred to as hop count

80
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the protocol field do

A

indicates the data payload type that the packet is carrying, which enables the network layer to pass the data to the appropriate upper layer protocol

81
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the Internet Header length field do

A

bit binary value identifying the number of 32 bit words in the header

82
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the total length field do

A

that defines the entire packet size including header and data, in bytes

83
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the Header Checksum field do

A

is used for error checking of the IP header

84
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the Identifcation field do

A

uniquely identifies the fragment of an original IP packet

85
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the Flags field do

A

identifies how the packet is fragmented

86
Q

In an IPv4 header, what does the Fragment offset field do

A
  • identifies the order in which to place the packet fragment in the reconstruction of the original unfragmented packet
87
Q

What type of header is this.

A

IPv6

88
Q

In an ipv6 header what does the Version field do

A
  • 4 bit binary value identifying the IP packet version, for ipv6 this is 0110
89
Q

In an ipv6 header what does the Traffic class field do

A

equivalent to the IPv4 DS field, used to classify packets

90
Q

In an ipv6 header what does the flow label field do

A

provides a service for real time applications, used to inform routers and switches to maintain the same path for the packet flow so that packets are not reordered

91
Q

In an ipv6 header what does the Payload Length field do

A

equivalent to the total length fields in IPv4 header, defines the entire packet size including header and optional extension

92
Q

In an ipv6 header what does the Next Header field do

A
  • equivalent to the IPv4 protocol field,
  • Indicates the sate payload type that the packet is carrying enabling the network layer to pass the data to the appropriate upper later protocol.
93
Q

In an ipv6 header what does the Hop Limit field do

A

replaces the IPv4 TTL field, Value is decremented by 1 by each routed that forwards the packet

94
Q

In SLAAC, the how is the interface ID generated

A

Using MAC address, padded with FFFE, and the 7th bit in the MAC address gets flipped.

95
Q

In NDP, what is the destination address of a router solicitation packet

A

FF02::2

96
Q

In NDP, what is the destination address of a router advertisement packet

A

FF02::1

97
Q

What is that scope of an IPv6 multicast address that starts with FF02

A

Local link

98
Q

Which type of unicast address is automatically configured on all interfaces that are enabled for IPv6?

A

Link local

Cisco CCENT ICND1 (5 decks)

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