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Med Lab Exam 3 > Routine Hematology Tests > Flashcards

Routine Hematology Tests Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of inaccurate errors

A

Pre-analytical- Blood collection error

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2
Q 
Control samples are run to assure the reliability to of test results and can detect:
A) pre-analytical errors
B) wrong patient identification
C) analytical errors
D) a partially clotted EDTA sample
A

C) Analytical Errors

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3
Q

(Ballpark) Normal White Count

A

4-11 K/uL

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4
Q

(Ballpark) Normal HGB

A

12-17 g/dL

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5
Q

(Ballpark) Normal Platelet Count

A

> 150 K/uL

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6
Q

Control samples are run to assure the reliability of test results and can detect what?

A

Analytical errors

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7
Q

You RBC is 5.0. What is your HGB and HCT%

A

5.0 x 3 = 15 HGB

15 x 3 = 45% HCT

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8
Q

Luekopenia

A

Decreased WBC Count

-decreased production, increased use

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9
Q

Lukocytosis

A

Increased WBC Count

-increased production, shift/psuedo

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10
Q

WBC Count

A

total # of white blood cells; does NOT distinguish WBC types

varies by age

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11
Q

RBC Count

A

total # of red blood cells

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12
Q

Hemoglobin

A

photometric measurement of Hgb concentration in red cells

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13
Q

RBC Indices: MCH

A

Mean Cell Hemoglobin
varies with RBC size and Hgb content
parallels changes in MCV

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14
Q

RBC Indices: MCHC

A

Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration

average Hgb concentration per RBC (hypo chromic or normochromic)

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15
Q

RBC Indices: RDW

A

Red Cell Distribution Width
index of RBC size variation
low (10-14%): uniform RBC size, homogenous
high (>14%): variation in RBC size, ANSIOCYTOSIS, heterogeneous

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16
Q

T/F Lymphocytes are the most common in adults and neutrophils are the most common in children.

A

False. Neutrophils - adults; Lymphocytes - children

17
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

decreased platelet count

-decreased production, increased use/destruction

18
Q

Thrombocytosis

A

increased platelet count

-increased production, post-splenectomy

19
Q

Differentials include

A 
WBC differential that classifies WBC type
Cell morphology (blood smear)
20
Q

Reticulocyte Count

A

measures rate of RBC production by the pone

retics appear as polychromasia

21
Q

Reticulocytopenia

A

decreased absolute Retic count

-decreased RBC production

22
Q

Reticulocytosis

A

increased absolute Retic count

  • increased RBC production (increased EPO)
  • good indicator for hemolytic anemias
23
Q

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

A

rate red cells settle as blood stands in a tube

  • under normal conditions, red cells do not form rouleaux and fall slowly
  • fibrinogen most often responsible for increased ESR
24
Q

Increased/Abnormal ESR:

A 
Acute and chronic infections
Chronic inflammatory disorders
Malignancies
Tissue Necrosis
Anemia of chronic disease
25
Q

NORMAL REFERENCE RANGES VALUES VARY, ESTABLISHED BY INSTITUTION

1) WBC Adult
2) Newborn
3) Children (1-10y)
4) (10-20y)

A

1) 4.0-11.0 x 103/uL or K/uL or K/cmm
2) 9.0-30.0 x 103/uL
3) (1-10y) 6.0-17.0 x 103/uL
4) 4.5-13.5 x 103/uL

26
Q

A patient’s RBC count is 5.00 million/cmm with red cells that are normal in size and
hemoglobin content. When estimated, the approximate hemoglobin and hematocrit values
would be:
a. HGB 12.0 g/dl and HCT 36.0 %
b. HGB 13.0 g/dl and HCT 39.0 %
c. HGB 15.0 g/dl and HCT 45.0 %

A

c

27
Q 
Which of the following lab values obtained on an adult male would be described or
classified as a microcytic anemia?
a. HGB 9.0 g/dl and MCV 62.2 fl
b. HGB 10.5 g/dl and MCV 120.0 fl
c. HGB 7.2 g/dl and MCV 90.2 fl
d. HGB 14.5 g/dl and MCV 75.5 fl
A

a

28
Q

Which of the following statements is correct?
a. A high RDW value indicates uniform RBC size and a homogeneous population of
red cells.
b. A low RDW value indicates “anisocytosis” due to wide variations in RBC size and a
heterogeneous population of red cells.
c. A normal MCV value (82.0 to 98.0 fl) may be erroneous when the RDW value is
over 22.0 %.

A

c

29
Q

TRUE or FALSE. “Poikilocytosis” refers to rigid or damaged red cells that deviate from
the normal, deformable RBC shape, e.g. schistocytes which suggest RBC destruction.

A

True

30
Q

Which of these WBC differential results are considered normal findings in an adult?

a. 60% lymphocytes
b. 3% blasts
c. 55% neutrophils
d. 1 nucleated red cell per diff

A

c

31
Q
  1. Which of the following is an expected ESR result for an adult female recently diagnosed
    with rheumatoid arthritis?
    a. An abnormally increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) due to elevated
    levels of positive acute phase reactants such as fibrinogen.
    b. A normal or decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) due to depletion of
    complement in the inflammatory process.
    c. Unable to predict the ESR value in this situation due to interference by rheumatoid
    factor.
A

a

Med Lab Exam 3 (7 decks)

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