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Guide #1: R. 1-10 > Round #9 > Flashcards

Round #9 Flashcards

1
Q

1) Physical Science – Short Answer A kilocalorie equals 4,184 of what SI derived unit for
energy?

A

ANSWER: JOULE

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2
Q

1) Physical Science – Short Answer Identify all of the following three reactions that are
exothermic: 1) Burning gasoline; 2) Water vapor condensing; 3) Melting ice.

A

ANSWER: 1, 2

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3
Q

2) Math – Short Answer What is the log base 5 of 1/25?

A

ANSWER: –2

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4
Q

2) Math – Short Answer Solve the following equation for x over the negative integers:
x4 – 28x2 + 75 = 0

A

ANSWER: –5

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5
Q

3) Energy – Short Answer Scientists at Oak Ridge National Lab are studying how plants
respond to extreme weather events, like heat waves. In times of high ambient temperature, plants
will close stomata [stow-MAH-tah] to conserve what?

A

ANSWER: WATER (ACCEPT: H2O)

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6
Q

3) Energy – Short Answer Scientists at Idaho National Lab are developing new methods to
quickly charge electric vehicles. What type of battery, the most common used in modern electric
vehicles, is being charged?

A

ANSWER: LITHIUM-ION (ACCEPT: LI-ION, LIB)

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7
Q

4) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice Which of the following will be the next stage in the
evolution of the Sun?
W) Supernova
X) Red giant
Y) Stellar nebula
Z) White dwarf

A

ANSWER: X) RED GIANT

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8
Q

4) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice An astronomer is observing a gas cloud and notes
several infrared spectral lines. These spectral lines could allow the astronomer to infer what?
W) The elemental composition of the cloud
X) The chemical bonds present in the cloud
Y) The rate of collision of the molecules in the cloud
Z) The ionization state of the atoms in the cloud

A

ANSWER: X) THE CHEMICAL BONDS PRESENT IN THE CLOUD

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9
Q

5) Physical Science – Short Answer What is the adjective for the type of interference that
occurs when two waves cancel each other out?

A

ANSWER: DESTRUCTIVE

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10
Q

5) Physical Science – Short Answer Identify all of the following three statements that are true
of the astronauts aboard the International Space Station: 1) They are massless; 2) They are in
free-fall; 3) They experience Earth’s gravity.

A

ANSWER: 2 AND 3

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11
Q

6) Life Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following animals has been observed to
communicate via a dance language, including maneuvers such as the waggle dance?
W) Chimpanzee
X) Peacock
Y) Honeybee
Z) Hyena

A

ANSWER: Y) HONEYBEE

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12
Q

6) Life Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following is a major function of the large
intestine?
W) Mechanically breaking down food
X) Chemically breaking down food
Y) Absorbing nutrients
Z) Absorbing water

A

ANSWER: Z) ABSORBING WATER

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13
Q

7) Math – Short Answer How many integers are there from –8 to 5, inclusive?

A

ANSWER: 14

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14
Q

7) Math – Short Answer What is the area of a rhombus with diagonals of length 24 and 28?

A

ANSWER: 336

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15
Q

8) Life Science – Short Answer A stroke is most commonly caused when blood flow is cut off
in what organ in the body?

A

ANSWER: BRAIN

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16
Q

8) Life Science – Multiple Choice To what phylum [FYE- lum] does baker’s yeast belong?
W) Ascomycota [az-koh-my-KOH-dah]
X) Basidiomycota [bah-sid-ee-oh-my-KAW-dah]
Y) Zygomycota [zye-go-my-KAW-dah]
Z) Glomeromycota [glo-mair-oh-my-KAW-dah]

A

ANSWER: W) ASCOMYCOTA

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17
Q

9) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice The Eurasian plate and the Indian plate meet at what
type of plate boundary?
W) Divergent
X) Ocean-ocean convergent
Y) Ocean-continent convergent
Z) Continent-continent convergent

A

ANSWER: Z) CONTINENT-CONTINENT CONVERGENT

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18
Q

9) Earth and Space – Short Answer Identify all of the following three quantities that typically
decrease in a stream from headwaters to mouth: 1) Water velocity; 2) Water discharge; 3) Stream
channel width.

A

ANSWER: NONE OF THEM

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19
Q

10) Math – Short Answer What is 40% of 50 plus 40% of 40?

A

ANSWER: 36

20
Q

10) Math – Short Answer What is the surface area of a regular square pyramid with slant
height 4 whose base has sides of length 7?

A

ANSWER: 105

21
Q

11) Physical Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following is closest to the distance, in
meters, between the electron and proton in the neutral hydrogen atom?
W) 10 –16
X) 10 –13
Y) 10 –10
Z) 10 –7

A

ANSWER: Y) 10 –10

22
Q

11) Physical Science – Short Answer You take an object and reduce its absolute temperature
in half. To the nearest degree Celsius, what temperature will the object approach if you
repeatedly perform this procedure?

A

ANSWER: –273

23
Q

12) Energy – Multiple Choice Scientists at the DOE Ames Research Laboratory have been
using advanced TEM to map nanocrystal magnetic fields formed in bacteria in liquids. What
mineral is present in these bacteria?
W) Gypsum
X) Magnetite
Y) Calcite
Z) Mica [MY-kah]

A

ANSWER: X) MAGNETITE

24
Q

12) Energy – Short Answer Researchers at Oak Ridge National Lab are using new methods to
study proteins that are soluble in water but cannot be crystallized. All such flexible proteins fall
into what larger class of proteins that often have spherical shapes and usually have functional
roles within the cell?

A

ANSWER: GLOBULAR PROTEINS (ACCEPT: SPHEROPROTEINS)

25
Q

13) Math – Short Answer If the height of a square pyramid is multiplied by 9, by what factor
must the area of the base be multiplied so that the volume remains constant?

A

ANSWER: 1/9

26
Q

13) Math – Short Answer What is the units digit of 8 to the 2019th power?

A

ANSWER: 2

27
Q

14) Life Science – Short Answer Colonization of plant roots by a fungus can allow increased
capture of nutrients from the soil. What is the name for this symbiotic structure?

A

ANSWER: MYCORRHIZA (MYCORRHIZAE)`

28
Q

14) Life Science – Short Answer In a dicot leaf, what is the layer of tissue responsible for
most photosynthesis and carbon dioxide absorption?

A

ANSWER: PALISADE MESOPHYLL

29
Q

15) Physical Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following pieces of glassware would be
LEAST useful for measuring a given volume of liquid?
W) Test tube
X) Graduated cylinder
Y) Erlenmeyer flask
Z) Burette

A

ANSWER: W) TEST TUBE

30
Q

15) Physical Science – Short Answer An ice cube has a density of 0.92 grams per milliliter
and a volume of 400 cubic centimeters. If the ice cube is floating in water, then, in cubic
centimeters, what volume of the cube will be sticking out of the water?

A

ANSWER: 32

31
Q

16) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice Which of the following locations would you study if
you wanted to collect a sample of atmospheric carbon dioxide from one thousand years ago?
W) Sea floor sediment
X) Glacier ice
Y) Sand dunes
Z) Ocean water

A

ANSWER: X) GLACIER ICE

32
Q

16) Earth and Space – Short Answer Rank the following three sediment grain sizes in order of
increasing porosity: 1) Clay; 2) Sand; 3) Gravel.

A

ANSWER: 3, 2, 1

33
Q

17) Energy – Multiple Choice Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory are using
new imaging modalities [moh-DAHL-ih-teez] to study DNA damage. In particular, they are
studying damage to DNA caused by what region of the EM spectrum that is divided
into A, B, and C ranges?
W) Infrared
X) Visible
Y) Ultraviolet
Z) X-ray

A

ANSWER: Y) ULTRAVIOLET

34
Q

17) Energy – Short Answer Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Lab used new
proteomics methods to study blood markers in patients with cirrhosis. Cirrhosis [sur-OH-sis] is a
disease in which scar tissue is laid down in what human organ?

A

ANSWER: LIVER

35
Q

18) Life Science – Short Answer During muscular contraction, myosin [MY-oh-sin] is
cross-linked to what other protein in order to shorten the muscle filament?

A

ANSWER: ACTIN

36
Q

18) Life Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following groups of animals is able to
respire significant amounts of oxygen from their skins?
W) Fishes
X) Amphibians
Y) Reptiles
Z) Birds

A

ANSWER: X) AMPHIBIANS

37
Q

19) Math – Short Answer If an arithmetic sequence has third term 16 and seventh term 44,
what is its 19th term?

A

ANSWER: 128

37
Q

19) Math – Short Answer What is the x-intercept of the line with equation 5x – 3y = –30?

A

ANSWER: (–6, 0) (ACCEPT: –6, x = –6 AND y = 0)

38
Q

20) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice Which of the following is closest to the temperature,
in kelvins, at which hydrogen fusion will commence in a young star?
W) 10,000
X) 100,000
Y) 1 million
Z) 10 million

A

ANSWER: Z) 10 million

39
Q

20) Earth and Space – Short Answer The Cassini division is associated with what planet?

A

ANSWER: SATURN

40
Q

21) Life Science – Short Answer Identify all of the following three structures that are part of
the digestive tract: 1) Pharynx [fair-inx]; 2) Larynx; 3) Esophagus.

A

ANSWER: 1, 3

40
Q

21) Life Science – Short Answer Serum and plasma are derived from what substance in the
body?

A

ANSWER: BLOOD

41
Q

22) Physical Science – Short Answer The statement “if two gas samples have the same
pressure, temperature, and volume, they contain the same number of particles” is a form of what
gas law named for its discoverer?

A

ANSWER: AVOGADRO’S LAW

42
Q

22) Physical Science – Short Answer In the balanced equation for the reaction of oxygen and
iron to produce ferric oxide, what is the coefficient of the iron?

A

ANSWER: 4

43
Q

23) Earth and Space – Short Answer What is the most common element in emission nebulas?

A

ANSWER: HYDROGEN

44
Q

23) Earth and Space – Short Answer Giving your answer to one significant digit, what is the
average albedo of the moon?

A

ANSWER: 0.1

Guide #1: R. 1-10 (10 decks)

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