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Guide #1: R. 1-10 > Round #8 > Flashcards

Round #8 Flashcards

1
Q

1) Physical Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT an example of a
physical change?
W) Water vapor condensing
X) Magnetizing an iron nail
Y) Filing a piece of iron
Z) Iron rusting

A

ANSWER: Z) IRON RUSTING

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2
Q

1) Physical Science – Short Answer Identify all of the following three substances that are
mixtures: 1) Juice; 2) Air; 3) Granite.

A

ANSWER: ALL OF THEM

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3
Q

2) Earth and Space – Short Answer An orogeny [or-AW-jeh-nee] results in what type of
geologic structure?

A

ANSWER: MOUNTAINS

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4
Q

2) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice Which of the following layers of the atmosphere is
closest to earth’s surface?
W) Exosphere
X) Thermosphere
Y) Mesosphere
Z) Stratosphere

A

ANSWER: Z) STRATOSPHERE

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5
Q

3) Math – Short Answer The rate at which a factory makes boxes is proportional to the square
of the number of people working. If one person produces 6 boxes an hour, how many boxes will
3 people produce in one hour?

A

ANSWER: 54

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6
Q

3) Math – Short Answer The mean number of weekly work hours for 15 part-time employees
at a store is 17. The mean number of hours for 8 of these employees is 13. To the nearest whole
number, what is the mean number of hours for the rest of the 15 employees?

A

ANSWER: 22

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7
Q

4) Energy – Short Answer Princeton Plasma Physics Lab-associated scientists are studying
drugs that prevent DNA replication. These drugs are used to treat what group of neoplastic
diseases?

A

ANSWER: CANCER

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8
Q

4) Energy – Multiple Choice The dynamic turnover of soil microbacteria plays an important
role in long-term carbon sequestration and is being studied by scientists at Argonne National
Lab. Which of the following is NOT a method by which carbon is removed from the soil?
W) Decomposition
X) Surface erosion
Y) Digestion
Z) Leaching into ground water

A

ANSWER: Y) DIGESTION

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9
Q

5) Life Science – Short Answer In a plant, what is the term for the region of active growth that
contains cells that are actively differentiating?

A

ANSWER: MERISTEM

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10
Q

5) Life Science – Short Answer What is the term for proteins that act as catalysts?

A

ANSWER: ENZYMES

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11
Q

6) Earth and Space – Short Answer What is the name of the galaxy in which our solar system
is found?

A

ANSWER: MILKY WAY

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12
Q

6) Earth and Space – Short Answer Identify all of the planets in the solar system whose
atmospheres are primarily composed of carbon dioxide.

A

ANSWER: VENUS AND MARS (IN ANY ORDER)

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13
Q

7) Energy – Short Answer Researchers at Argonne National Lab are employing iridium as an
additive to the water-splitting reaction that results in a faster rate of reaction. What role is iridium
playing in this reaction?

A

ANSWER: CATALYST

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14
Q

7) Energy – Short Answer Researchers at Los Alamos National Lab have developed an
AI-based method that better predicts what catastrophic events that can cause soil liquefaction and
tsunamis?

A

ANSWER: EARTHQUAKES

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15
Q

8) Math – Short Answer The endpoints of a diameter of a circle have coordinates (3, 4)
and (–5, –2). What are the coordinates of the center of the circle?

A

ANSWER: (–1, 1) (ACCEPT: x = –1 AND y = 1)

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16
Q

8) Math – Short Answer What is the largest prime factor of 1755?

A

ANSWER: 13

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17
Q

9) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice A deep-ocean trench can form at which of the following
tectonic plate boundaries?
W) Ocean-ocean divergent
X) Continent-continent convergent
Y) Ocean-continent convergent
Z) Ocean-continent divergent

A

ANSWER: Y) OCEAN-CONTINENT CONVERGENT

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18
Q

9) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice Which of the following sediment types would make the
best aquiclude?
W) Clay
X) Sand
Y) Gravel
Z) Cobbles

A

ANSWER: W) CLAY

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19
Q

10) Life Science – Short Answer Order the following four taxonomic ranks from the most
general to the most specific: 1) Phylum [FYE- lum]; 2) Genus; 3) Class; 4) Family.

A

ANSWER: 1, 3, 4, 2`

20
Q

10) Life Science – Short Answer What protective sheath encasing neurons is lost in disorders
such as multiple sclerosis or Charcot [shar-KOH]-Marie-Tooth disease?

A

ANSWER: MYELIN

21
Q

11) Energy – Short Answer Physicists at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab are studying
distortions in the cosmic microwave background radiation to gain a better understanding of
filaments that do not produce any electromagnetic radiation. Of what are these filaments believed
to be made?

A

ANSWER: DARK MATTER (DO NOT ACCEPT: DARK ENERGY)

22
Q

11) Energy – Short Answer Scientists at SLAC National Accelerator Lab used energetic
X-rays to heat water from room temperature to 100,000 degrees Celsius in 75 femtoseconds.
Giving your answer in seconds and in scientific notation, how much time is 75 femtoseconds?

A

ANSWER: 7.5 × 10-14

23
Q

12) Physical Science – Short Answer What is the SI derived unit for charge?

A

ANSWER: COULOMB

24
Q

12) Physical Science – Short Answer Andrew is standing in the middle of a scaffolding
hanging from a cable at each end such that the tension in each cable is 500 newtons. Andrew
takes a step to the left such that the right cable now has a tension of 330 newtons and the
scaffolding remains at mechanical equilibrium. In newtons, what is the new tension in the left
cable?

A

ANSWER: 670

25
Q

13) Math – Short Answer What is 703?

A

ANSWER: 343,000

26
Q

13) Math – Short Answer If angle ABC is inscribed in a circle and measures 63 degrees, what
is the degree measure of arc ABC?

A

ANSWER: 234

27
Q

14) Life Science – Multiple Choice Aggregation of tau protein and formation of beta-amyloid
plaques are hallmarks of which of the following human diseases?
W) Huntington’s
X) Parkinson’s
Y) Alzheimer’s
Z) Lou Gehrig’s

A

ANSWER: Y) ALZHEIMER’S

28
Q

14) Life Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following groups of animals shared the most
recent common ancestor with birds?
W) Bats
X) Lizards
Y) Dinosaurs
Z) Frogs

A

ANSWER: Y) DINOSAURS

29
Q

15) Physical Science – Short Answer What is the adjective for molecules that have a net
dipole moment?

A

ANSWER: POLAR

30
Q

15) Physical Science – Short Answer Rank the following three materials in terms of
increasing density: 1) Polystyrene; 2) Glass; 3) Gold.

A

ANSWER: 1, 2, 3

31
Q

16) Math – Short Answer What is the median of the following list of 6 numbers?
14, 2, 5, 34, 10, 17

A

ANSWER: 12

32
Q

16) Math – Short Answer What is the volume of a circular cone formed by rotating a right
triangular region with legs of length 9 and 5 about its longer leg?

A

ANSWER: 75π

33
Q

17) Life Science – Multiple Choice Which of the following is true of osmosis?
W) Osmosis is the movement of water from a region of high solute concentration to a region of
low solute concentration
X) Osmosis is a form of passive transport
Y) Osmosis cannot occur across a semi-permeable membrane
Z) Osmosis involves the active transport of solute and requires ATP

A

ANSWER: X) OSMOSIS IS A FORM OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT

34
Q

17) Life Science – Short Answer Identify all of the following four organisms that are usually
classified as secondary consumers: 1) Mushrooms; 2) Grasshoppers; 3) Deer; 4) Spiders.

A

ANSWER: 4

35
Q

18) Earth and Space – Multiple Choice In what geologic era are we currently living?
W) Cenozoic [SEN-oh-ZOH-ik]
X) Phanerozoic [fah-NAIR-oh-zoh-ik]
Y) Mesozoic [MEH-zoh-ZOH-ik]
Z) Paleozoic

A

ANSWER: W) CENOZOIC

36
Q

18) Earth and Space – Short Answer Meera and Arjun canoe down a stream for 18 miles. The
stream’s elevation is 250 feet above sea level at the start of their journey, and 86 feet above sea
level at the end of their journey. Giving your answer to the nearest foot per mile, what is the
average gradient of the stream?

A

ANSWER: 9 (ACCEPT: -9)

37
Q

19) Math – Short Answer The point (4, –7) is reflected over the x-axis. In which quadrant
does the reflected point lie?

A

ANSWER: ONE (ACCEPT: FIRST)

38
Q

19) Math – Short Answer A cell phone plan costs a fixed rate per month plus a charge per text
message. One month, Sue had 400 texts and her total bill was $37. The next month, she had 1000
texts and her total bill was $61. In dollars, what is the fixed rate per month?

A

ANSWER: 21

39
Q

20) Physical Science – Short Answer Coefficients of friction relate the frictional force on an
object to what other force acting upon it?

A

ANSWER: NORMAL

40
Q

20) Physical Science – Short Answer An object that is uniformly accelerating along the x-axis
is located at x = 0 at t = 0, x = 1 at t = 1, and x = 4 at t = 2. What will be its x-coordinate at t =
13?

A

ANSWER: 169

41
Q

21) Earth and Space – Short Answer What terrestrial planet in the solar system has the
thickest atmosphere?

A

ANSWER: VENUS

42
Q

21) Earth and Space – Short Answer Pulsars are an example of what type of star?

A

ANSWER: NEUTRON STAR

43
Q

22) Life Science – Short Answer Speciation [spee-see-AY-shun] can result in organisms that
are unable to interbreed and produce viable offspring. What type of barrier is this?

A

ANSWER: REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION

44
Q

22) Life Science – Short Answer Identify all of the following three statements that are true of
Archaeans: 1) They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan [peptihdo-GLY-can]; 2) They are
unicellular; 3) They can be autotrophs.

A

ANSWER: 2, 3

45
Q

23) Physical Science – Short Answer One of the first successes of quantum mechanics was the
resolution of the ultraviolet catastrophe, an inconsistency in the classical model of the spectrum
of what type of object?

A

ANSWER: BLACKBODY

46
Q

23) Physical Science – Short Answer Identify all of the following three quantities that are
vectors: 1) Velocity; 2) Speed; 3) Mass.

A

ANSWER: 1

Guide #1: R. 1-10 (10 decks)

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