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Milestone 2 Remediation > Round 1 > Flashcards

Round 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The RN is reviewing blood pressure readings for a group of pt’s. Which patient is
the highest risk for complications related to hypertension?

A

Middle- aged African American male who has a serum creatinine level of 2.9

Rationale: normal serum creatinine
men: .74-1.35
women: .59-1.04

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2
Q

What should be taught with a patient taking medications for hypothyroidism?

A

Take in am
-No antacids
- On empty stomach absorbs better
- 30 min before or 2 hours after food helps absorption.
- meds should be at therapeutic level to avoid depression

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3
Q

Hypothyroidism- sleep/depression

A

Depression can result from untreated hypo
- falling/staying asleep difficult = avoid sedation
- frequent rest but stay action

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4
Q

What are the S/S of diverticulosis

A
  • LLQ pain
  • bowel pattern changes
  • bloating
  • fever
    -N/V
  • Constipation
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5
Q

What is the typical medication for gout

When to take

A

Allopurinol
Rationale: Gout medication- allopurinol
- bone marrow depression, vomiting, abd. pain
- Avoid starting/ increasing med during active flare up
- AFTER MEALS

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6
Q

What Interventions are used for a patient taking allopurinol for gout?

A
  • Increase fluid intake to prevent kidney stones
  • increase movement
  • avoid caffeine, alcohol, and dairy
  • may take several weeks to work
  • stop if rash develops.
  • NO HIGH PURINE FOODS (organ meats, shellfish, fructose)
  • avoid starting/ increasing med during active flare ups
  • bone marrow depression
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7
Q

what tests Glucose and gets the best result?

A

A1C should be greater than 7%
- Dip stick for ketones turns purple when ketones are present.
- type 1 complications, serum glucose is 250+, ketonuria in large amounts in urine

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8
Q

What are right sided heart failure symptoMS

A

Systemic
- congestion
- peripheral edema
- ascites
- JVD
- hepatomegaly

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9
Q

What are left-sided heart failure signs and symptoms?

A

Lungs
- congestion
- dyspnea
- crackles
- fatigue
- pink/frothy sputum

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10
Q

what kind of exercise should someone with osteoarthritis do?

A

Low impact exercises
- yoga
-swimming
- small amounts of walking

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11
Q

what should you assess for a small bowl obstruction?

A

-Auscultate bowel sounds
- IV fluids will be given to replace depleted water, sodium, chloride and potassium

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12
Q

What is the first intervention for a patient with positive small bowel obstruction?

A

NG tube to suction placement with X-ray to confirm correct placemen

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13
Q

what are the second lines of interventions for small bowel obstructions

A
  • Barium enema stud
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14
Q

What to do for a patient with pneumonia?

A
  • antibiotics started
  • Start o2
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15
Q

What tests are used to confirm pneumonia?

A

PCV 13= 19-64 YEAR OLDS
PPSVV 23=19-64 YEAR OLDS WHO SMOKE/ HAVE ASTHMA

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16
Q

What is the treatment for pneumonia?

A
  • oxygen therapy
  • hydration
  • bed rest
  • elevated Head of bed
  • Deep breathing
  • humidified air
  • Chest physiotherapy
  • suctioning PRN
17
Q

What are the interventions for COPD?

A

low concentrated oxygen
<2-3L nasal canula
No petroleum-based lip products
DO NOT WANT Ph TO FALL.
ORAL OR IV CORTICOSTEROIDS

18
Q

What is the treatment for Diverticulitis?

A

NPO diet or clear liquid diet to decrease exacerbations to decrease inflammation
- low fiber may be progressed from there
- antibiotics

19
Q

what is the medication for Heart failure?

what does it do?

therapeutic level

A

DIGOXIN

Increases cardiac output and contractility
- DECREASES HEART RATE
- therapeutic level 0.5-2 ng/mL

20
Q

What is an intervention for Heart failure

A
  • take apical pulse prior to giving DO NOT GIVE IF HR IS LOWER THAN
    60BPM
21
Q

What is the antidote for Digoxin toxicity?

A

potassium and Digifab

22
Q

What are the signs of Digoxin TOXICITY

A

Loss of appetite
- Lower stomach pain
- diarrhea
- Weakness
- Blurred or yellow vision
- headache
- Rash

23
Q

What are the priorities for a patient on hypertonic IV fluids?

A

Lung sounds and O2 saturation.

24
Q

hypertonic solution examples

A

5% dextrose in LR
5% dextrose in 0.45% saline
5% dextrose in 0.9% saline
10% dextrose in water
CAUSES CELLS TO SHRINK

25
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis Prioritie

A
  • Is based on what the patient looks like.
  • Self-care deficits
  • Pain management
  • altered body image
26
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis treatment

A

Early
- NSAIDS
- Opioids
- Methotrexate can take up to 6wks to work.
Advance
- Use immunosuppressants such as Methotrexate, azathioprine

27
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease Treatment

NG tube to suction

A
  • Confirmation that obstructed is the discomfort of the patient done by assessing
    the amount of fluid aspirated.
  • Residual of > 400 mL indicates obstruction
28
Q

What is expected upon assessment for PUD

A
  • severe epigastric pain
  • uncontrolled vomiting
29
Q

What to expect upon an assessment for Prostatic hyperplasia?

A

urinary frequency
Urgency
hesitancy
decreased/ intermittent stream
incomplete emptying
less than 50-100 mL

30
Q

What is prostatic Hyperplasia

A
  • Benign growth
  • occurs in men with elevated estrogen levels.
31
Q

What should be taught to a patient with DM?

A

Properly monitor glucose
- Self administration of medication

32
Q

When should chest physiotherapy be done?

A

an hour before meals and and hour before bed

33
Q

What is the priority for Irritable Bowel Syndrome assessment?

A
  • Distention
  • Fever
  • Nausea
  • Vital signs
  • Pain assessment BEFORE PAIN MEDICATIONS
34
Q

Who has the highest risk for IBD?

A

women

35
Q

What is the treatment for IBD

A
  • Fluids
  • antibiotic therapy
  • colloid
  • electrolyte replacement
36
Q

What triggers asthma?

A

respiratory infection, exercise, sudden changes in either humidity or temperature
and air pollution

37
Q

What should be taught to patient with asthma?

A

The need to be aware of what tigers it and how to prevent them.

38
Q

The need to be aware of what tigers it and how to prevent them.
what is the priority when communicating with a patient with schizophrenia?

A

Establish Trust
Get patient the talk
Give positive feedback
Show empathy
Do not be judgmental
Never tell pt that you accept there delusions as reality

39
Q
A

Milestone 2 Remediation (10 decks)

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