ROTR Flashcards
To whom do the Rules apply?
These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas (0.5 mark) and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels (0.5 mark).
Traffic separation schemes may be adopted by for the purpose of these Rules
Traffic separation schemes may be adopted by [the organisation] for the purpose of these Rules
Do special rules implemented by Maritime Safety Queensland overrule the International Regulations Regulations for preventing collisions at Sea?
Answer
Explain your answer?
Yes (0.25 mark)
Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of special rules made by an appropriate authority (0.25 mark) for roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by sea-going vessels (0.25 mark). Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules (0.25 mark).
Fill in the blanks for the following Rule (1c):
Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any Answer
with respect to additional
, or with respect to additional
.
These additional<> shall, so far as possible, be such that they
Nothing in these Rules shall interfere with the operation of any (special rules made by the government of any state) with respect to additional (station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals for ships of war and vessels proceeding under convoy) or with respect to additional (station and signal lights or shapes for vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet.) These additional (station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals) shall, so far as possible, be such that they (cannot be mistaken for any light shape or signal authourised elsewhere under these rules)
Some classes of RAN warship, such as the LHD, have lighting configurations that do not comply with the regulations laid out in the International Rules for Preventing Collisions at Sea. How do the Rules make a concession for this, complete the following passage from Rule 1(e):
…..such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to theAnswer
, as well as to the Answer
, as her Answer
shall have determined to be the Answer
with these Rules in respect of that vessel.
Such vessel shall comply with such other provisions in regard to the (number, position range or arc of visibility of lights or shapes) (0.5 mark), as well as to the (disposition and characteristics of sound signalling appliances) (0.5 mark), as her (government) (0.5 mark) shall have determined to be the (closest possible compliance) (0.5 mark) with these Rules in respect of that vessel.
What do the Rules say about exonerating vessels, owners, masters or crew from the consequences of any neglect?
Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate (0.5 mark) any vessel, or the owner, master or crew thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules (0.5 mark) or of the neglect of any precaution which may be required by the ordinary practice of seamen (0.5 mark), or by the special circumstances of the case (0.5 mark).
In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to what?
In construing and complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision (0.5 mark) and to any special circumstances (0.5 mark), including the limitations of the vessels involved (0.5 mark), which may make a departure from these Rules necessary to avoid immediate danger (0.5 mark)
For the purpose of the Rules, define the words “length” and “breadth”?
The words “length” and “breadth” of a vessel mean her length overall and greatest breadth (1 mark).
For the purpose of these Rules, when are vessels deemed to be in sight of one another?
Vessels shall be deemed to be in sight of one another only when one can be observed visually from the other (1 mark).
For the purpose of the Rules, define the term “sailing vessel”?
The term “sailing vessel” means any vessel under sail provided that propelling machinery, if fitted, is not being used. (1 mark)
For the purpose of the Rules, define the word “seaplane”?
The word “seaplane” includes any aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water (1 mark).
For the purpose of the Rules, define the term “power-driven vessel”?
The term “power-driven vessel” means any vessel propelled by machinery (1 mark).
For the purpose of the Rules, define the term “wing-in-ground (WIG) craft”?
The term “Wing-In-Ground (WIG) craft” means a multimodal craft (0.5 mark) which, in its main operational mode, flies in close proximity to the surface by utilizing surface-effect action (0.5 mark).
For the purpose of the Rules, define the word “underway”?
The word “underway” means that a vessel is not at anchor (0.33 marks), or made fast to the shore (0.33 marks), or aground (0.33 marks).
For the purpose of these Rules, define the word “Vessel”?
The word “vessel” includes every description of water craft (0.33 marks), including non-displacement craft, WIG craft and seaplanes (0.33 marks), used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water (0.33 marks).
For the purpose of the Rules, define the term “restricted visibility”?
The term “restricted visibility” means any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog (0.17 marks), mist (0.17 marks), falling snow (0.17 marks), heavy rainstorms (0.17 marks), sandstorms (0.17 marks) or any other similar causes (0.17 marks).
For the purpose of the Rules, what vessels are considered “restricted in their ability to manoeuvre”?
The term “vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre” shall include but not be limited to:
(i) vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation mark, submarine cable or pipeline; (0.33 mark)
(ii) a vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater operations; (0.33 mark)
(iii) a vessel engaged in replenishment or transferring persons, provisions or cargo while underway; (0.33 mark)
(iv) a vessel engaged in the launching or recovery of aircraft; (0.33 mark)
(v) a vessel engaged in mineclearance operations; (0.33 mark)
(vi) a vessel engaged in a towing operation such as severely restricts the towing vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from their course. (0.33 mark)
For the purpose of the Rules, define the term “vessel engaged in fishing”?
The term “vessel engaged in fishing” means any vessel fishing with nets, lines, trawls or other fishing apparatus (0.67 marks) which restrict manoeuvrability (0.67 marks), but does not include a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing apparatus which do not restrict manoeuvrability (0.67 marks).
For the purpose of the Rules, define the term “vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre”?
The term “vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre” means a vessel which from the nature of her work (0.67 mark) is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required by these Rules (0.67 mark) and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel (0.67 mark).
For the purpose of the Rules, define the term “vessel not under command”?
The term “vessel not under command” means a vessel which through some exceptional circumstance (0.67 mark) is unable to manoeuvre as required by these Rules (0.67 mark) and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel (0.67 mark).
For the purpose of the Rules, define the term “vessel constrained by her draught”?
The term “vessel constrained by her draught” means a power‑driven vessel (0.67 mark) which, because of her draught in relation to the available depth and width of navigable water (0.67 mark), is severely restricted in her ability to deviate from the course she is following (0.67 mark).
In what condition of visibility do the following rules apply:
Rule 5 - Lookout
Rule 6 - Safe Speed
Rule 7 - Risk of Collision
Rule 8 - Action to Avoid Collision
Rule 9 - Narrow Channels
Rule 10 - Traffic Separation Schemes
Select one:
a. When vessels are in sight of one another
b. In any condition of visibility
c. When vessels are not in sight of one another
The correct answer is: In any condition of visibility
In what condition of visibility do the following rules apply:
Rule 12 - Sailing Vessels
Rule 13 - Overtaking
Rule 14 - Head-on Situation
Rule 15 - Crossing Situation
Rule 16 - Action by Give-way Vessel
Rule 17 - Action by Stand-on Vessel
Rule 18 - Responsibilities Between Vessels
Select one:
a. In any condition of visibility
b. When vessels are in sight of one another
c. When vessels are not in sight of one another
The correct answer is: When vessels are in sight of one another
How do the rules define “Look-out”?
Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look‑out (0.5 mark) by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions (0.5 mark) so as to make a full appraisal of the situation (0.5 mark) and of the risk of collision (0.5 mark).
in determining Safe Speed, what factors shall be taken into account by vessels with operational radar?
Rule 6(b)
(b) Additionally, by vessels with operational radar:
(i) the characteristics, efficiency and limitations of the radar equipment (0.33 mark);
(ii) any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use (0.33 mark);
(iii) the effect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference (0.33 mark);
(iv) the possibility that small vessels, ice and other floating objects may not be detected by radar at an adequate range (0.33 mark);
(v) the number, location and movement of vessels detected by radar (0.33 mark);
(vi) the more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity (0.33 mark).
In determining Safe Speed, what factors shall be taken into account by all vessels?
In determining a safe speed the following factors shall be among those taken into account:
(a) By all vessels:
(i) the state of visibility (0.33 mark);
(ii) the traffic density including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels (0.33 mark);
(iii) the manoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing conditions (0.33 mark);
(iv) at night the presence of background light such as from shore lights or from back scatter of her own lights (0.33 mark);
(v) the state of wind, sea and current, and the proximity of navigational hazards (0.33 mark);
(vi) the draught in relation to the available depth of water (0.33 mark).
Define “Safe Speed”?
Every vessel (0.5 mark) shall at all times proceed at a safe speed (0.5 mark) so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision (0.5 mark) and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions (0.5 mark).
What do the Rules say about using “scanty information” when considering Risk of Collision?
Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information (0.5 mark), especially scanty radar information (0.5 mark).
What shall every vessel do to determine if risk of collision exists?
2 boxes
Rule 7(a)
Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists (0.5 mark).
If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist (0.5 mark).
In determining if risk of collision exists, what considerations shall be among those taken into account?
Rule 7(d)
(d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following considerations shall be among those taken into account:
(i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change (1 mark);
(ii) such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range (1 mark).
How should radar be employed to determine if a risk of collision exists?
Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational (0.5 mark), including long‑range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision (0.5 mark) and radar plotting (0.5 mark) or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects (0.5 mark).
A vessel required not to impede the passage of another vessel is and shall when taking action ?
A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel is (not relieved of this obligation) (1 mark) if approaching the other vessel so as to involve risk of collision and shall, (when taking action have full regard to the action which may be required by the rules of this part) (1 mark).
When taking action to avoid collision, what do the Rules say about any alteration of course and/or speed?
Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar (1 mark); a succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided (1 mark).
What are the requirements of a vessel which is not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel?
A vessel which, by any of these Rules, is required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel shall, when required by the circumstances of the case (0.5 mark), take early action (0.5 mark) to allow sufficient sea-room (0.5 mark) for the safe passage of the other vessel (0.5 mark).
What do the Rules say may be the most effective action to avoid a close-quarters situation?
If there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone (0.5 mark) may be the most effective action to avoid a close‑quarters situation provided that it is made in good time (0.5 mark), is substantial (0.5 mark) and does not result in another close‑quarters situation (0.5 mark).
Any action taken to avoid collision shall be what?
Any action taken to avoid collision shall be taken in accordance with the Rules of this Part (0.5 mark) and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit , be positive(0.5 mark) , made in ample time (0.5 mark) and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship (0.5 mark)
What do the Rules state about the obligations of a vessel whose passage is not to be impeded?
A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply (0.5 mark) with the Rules of this Part (0.5 mark) when the two vessels are approaching one another (0.5 mark) so as to involve risk of collision (0.5 mark)
If necessary what shall a vessel do to allow more time to assess a situation?
If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her speed (0.67 mark) or take all way off (0.67 mark) by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion(0.67 mark)
Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall result in what?
Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance (1 mark). The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and clear (1 mark).
When does a vessel need to indicate their intention to overtake another vessel in a narrow channel or fairway?
(i) In a narrow channel or fairway (when overtaking can only take place if the vessel to be overtaken has to take action to permit safe passing) (1 mark), the vessel intending to overtake shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(i).
The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe passing.
If in doubt she may sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d).
(ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13.
When nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured, what shall a vessel do?
A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channel or fairway where other vessels may be obscured by an intervening obstruction (shall navigate with particular alertness and caution) (0.5 mark) and shall (the appropriate signal (0.5 mark) prescribed in Rule 34(e).
How shall a vessel proceed along the course of a narrow channel or fairway?
A vessel proceeding along the course of a narrow channel or fairway shall shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel of fairway which is lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable (0.5 mark) (0.5 mark).
Which vessels shall not impede the passage of a vessel that can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway?
A vessel of less than 20m (0.33 mark) or a sailing (0.33 mark) shall not impede the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within a narrow channel or fairway.
Rule 9(d)
A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which can safely navigate only within such channel or fairway.
Crossing Vessel (0.33 mark)
Which vessels shall not impede the passage of any vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway?
VEIF (1 mark) shall not impede the passage of any other vessel navigating within a narrow channel or fairway.
What do the Rules state about anchoring in a narrow channel?
Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit (0.5 mark), avoid anchoring in a narrow channel (0.5 mark).
When shall a vessel not cross a narrow channel or fairway?
A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway (if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel which can navigate only in such channel or fairway, (1 mark).
Rule 10 - Traffic Separation Schemes
a) When does this rule apply?
b) Does the rule relieve any vessel of their obligation under any other rule?
This Rule applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organisation (0.5 mark) and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any other Rule.
No (0.5 mark)
What do the Rules say about anchoring in or near a traffic separation scheme?
A vessel shall (so far as practicable avoid anchoring in a traffic separation scheme or in areas near its termination (1 mark).
How shall a vessel navigate in areas near the termination of traffic separation schemes?
A vessel navigating in areas near the terminations of traffic separation schemes shall do so (with particular caution) (1 mark).
A power-driven vessel greater than 50m in length following a traffic lane would expect which vessels not impede their safe passage?
A vessel of less than 20 metres in length (0.5 mark) or a sailing vessel (0.5 mark) shall not impede the safe passage of a power-driven vessel following a traffic lane.
Inshore Traffic Zones
a) Which vessels may use an inshore traffic zone?
b) Which vessels shall not use an inshore traffic zone?
c) Notwithstanding the previous question, when may any vessel use an inshore traffic zone?
(i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone when she can safely use the appropriate traffic lane within the adjacent traffic separation scheme (0.17 mark).
However, vessels of less than 20 metres in length (0.17 mark), sailing vessels(0.17 mark) and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic zone (0.17 mark).
(ii) Notwithstanding subparagraph (d)(i), a vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when en route to and from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place situated within the inshore traffic zone (0.17 mark), or to avoid immediate danger (0.17 mark).
What do the rules state about crossing a traffic separation scheme?
A vessel shall, so far as practicable, avoid crossing traffic lanes (0.5 mark) but if obliged to do so shall cross on a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles to the general direction of traffic flow (0.5 mark).
How shall a vessel use a traffic separation scheme?
Rule 10(b)
A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall:
(i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow for that lane (0.33 mark);
(ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone (0.33 mark);
(iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane (0.17 mark), but when joining or leaving from either side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable (0.17 mark).
Which two types of vessel are specified as exempt from complying with the Rules concerning Traffic Separation Schemes to the extent necessary to carry out their operation?
A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the maintenance of safety of navigation (0.5 mark) in a traffic separation scheme is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation.
Rule 10(l)
A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the laying, servicing or picking up of a submarine cable (0.5 mark), within a traffic separation scheme, is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation.
Fill the blanks for the following exceptions.
Other than a crossing vessel or a vessel joining or leaving a lane, vessels shall not normally enter or cross a separation zone or line except:
A vessel other than a crossing vessel or a vessel joining or leaving a lane shall not normally enter a separation zone or cross a separation line except:
(i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger (0.5 mark);
(ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone (0.5 mark).
If a vessel is not using a nearby traffic separation scheme what should it do?
Rule 10(h)
A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable (1 mark).
If a vessel is overtaking another and either vessel alters course such that there is risk of collision;
a) Can another ‘Steering and Sailing Rule’ (such as rule 15 crossing situation) relieve the overtaking vessel of her responsibility?
Yes
No
b) Why?
No (0.67 mark)
Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these Rules (0.67 mark) or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear of the overtaken vessel until she is finally past and clear (0.67 mark).
What shall a vessel do when overtaking another vessel?
What if a vessel is in doubt as to whether they are overtaking?
Any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken (1 mark).
What are the responsibilities of vessels in a head on situation?
When two power-driven vessels (0.5 mark) are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision (0.5 mark) each shall alter her course to starboard (0.5 mark) so that each shall pass on the port side of the other (0.5 mark).
Define a crossing situation and the actions required?
When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision (0.5 mark), the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way (0.5 mark) and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit (0.5 mark), avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel (0.5 mark).
What do the rules state if you are in any doubt as to whether you are overtaking another vessel?
When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she shall assume that this is the case and act accordingly (2 marks)
If you see another vessel ahead and you are unsure about the aspect or status of the other vessel and therefore cannot determine if a head-on situation exists, what shall you do?
When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she shall (2 marks).
When would a vessel deemed to be an overtaking vessel?
A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking (when coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam) (1 mark); that is, in such a position with reference to the vessel she is overtaking, that (at night she would be able to see the sternlight of that vessel but neither of her side lights) (1 mark).
When shall a head on situation be deemed to exist? R14(b)
Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead (0.5 mark) and by night she would see the masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line (0.5 mark) and or both side lights (0.5 mark) and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel (0.5 mark).
What action is required by the give-way vessel?
Every vessel which is directed to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible (0.67 mark), take early (0.67 mark) and substantial action to keep well clear (0.67 mark).
What action is required of the stand-on vessel?
Answer
However, what action may the stand-on vessel take and when?
(i) Where one of two vessels is to keep out of the way the other shall keep her course and speed (1 mark).
(ii) The latter vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her manoeuvre alone (0.5 mark), as soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of the way is not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules (0.5 mark).
When shall the stand-on vessel take action and what action shall she take?
Answer
If the stand-on vessel does take action to avoid collision, does this relieve the give-way vessel of their obligation to keep out of the way?
Rule 17 (b)
When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone (0.67 mark), she shall take such action as will best aid to avoid collision (0.67 mark).
No (0.67 mark)
The Rules give an option for when the stand-on vessel may take action to avoid collision. In doing so, what should be avoided, when and by whom?
A power-driven vessel (0.5 mark) which takes action in a crossing situation (0.5 mark) in accordance with sub-paragraph (a)(ii) of this Rule to avoid collision with another power-driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit (0.5 mark), not alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side (0.5 mark).
