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K- Rosh Review > Rosh MSK > Flashcards

Rosh MSK Flashcards

1
Q

12 year old male presents with complaing of knee pain while running.

PE shows tenderness over the tibial tubercle.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Osgood-Schlatter Disease

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2
Q

12 year old male presents with complaing of knee pain while running.

PE shows tenderness over the tibial tubercle.

What is the treatment of choice for this condition?

A

Ice

NSAIDs

Quad stretching

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3
Q

What would you expect to see upon PE with Osgood-Schlatter disease?

A

Tenderness over the tibial tubercle

Pain while running

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4
Q

Patient presents with fever, monarticular pain, and decreased ROM

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Septic arthritis

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5
Q

What lab findings are characteristic of septic arthritis?

How do you diagnose it?

A

WBC > 50,000 with >75% PMNs

Arthrocentesis

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6
Q

What are the most common causitive agents of septic arthritis in a patient <35 years of age?

What is the treatment?

A

N. gonorrhea, S. aureus

IV ABX, surgical washout

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7
Q

A male patient presents with back pain that’s worse in the morning and improves with exercise.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

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8
Q

A male patient presents with back pain that’s worse in the morning and improves with exercise.

What gene is associated with this disease?

What is the treatment?

A

HLA-B27

NSAIDs and PT

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9
Q

Which diseases are associated with HLA-B27?

A

PAIR

Psoriatic arthritis

Ankylosing spondylitis

IBD

Reactive arthritis

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10
Q

What is Anti-SSA/Ro associated with?

A

Lupus

Sjogren’s

Neonatal heart block

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11
Q

What is Anti-La/SS-B associated with?

A

Sjogren’s

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12
Q

What is Anti-centromere associated with?

A

CREST syndrome

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13
Q

What is Anti-dsDNA associated with?

A

Lupus

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14
Q

What is Anti-Jo1 associated with?

A

Inflammatory myopathy

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15
Q

What is Anti-Smtih associated with?

A

Lupus

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16
Q

What is Anti-topoisomerase (Sci-70) associated with?

A

Systemic sclerosis

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17
Q

What is Anti-histone associated with?

A

Lupus

Drug-induced Lupus

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18
Q

What is c-ANCA associated with?

A

Granulomatosis

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19
Q

What is p-ANCA associated with?

A

Microscopic polyangiitis

Churg-Strauss

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20
Q

What is Anti-smooth muscle antibody associated with?

A

Chronic immune hepatitis

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21
Q

What is Anti-mitochondrial antibody associated with?

A

Primary biliary cirrhosis

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22
Q

What are the major Jones critera for acute rhematic fever?

A

Carditis

Polyarthritis

Chorea

Subcutaneous nodules

Erythema marginatum

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23
Q

What are the minor Jones critera for acute rheumatic fever?

A

Fever

Arthralgia

Elevated ESR or CRP

Prolonged PR interval

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24
Q

An obese male adolescent presents with a progressive limp and knee pain. Upon PE you find loss of internal hip rotation.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

SCFE (Slipped Cap Femoral Epiphysis)

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25
Q

How is the diagnosis of SCFE made?

A

AP and frog-lateral X-rays

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26
Q

Ottawa Ankle Rules for ankle:

Bone tenderness at posterior edge of distal or tip of _________ and __________

Inability to bear weight both _________ and ___________

A

Lateral malleolus and medial malleolus

immediate after injury and time of evaluation

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27
Q

Ottawa Ankle Rules for foot:

Bone tenderness at the __________

Bone tenderness at the ____________

Inability to bear weight both ___________ and ____________

A

Navicular bone

Base of fifth metatarsal

Immediate after injury and time of evaluation

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28
Q

What will labs show with Gout?

A

needle-shaped crystal with negative birefringence

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29
Q

What medications can trigger gout?

A

Loop and thiazide diuretics

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30
Q

What is another name for reactive arthritis?

A

Reiter Syndrome

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31
Q

mnemonic for reactive arthritis

A

Can’t see (uveitis), can’t pee (urethritis), can’t climb a tree (arthritis)

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32
Q

Older patient presents with low back pain that is releived with leaning forward.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Spinal stenosis

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33
Q

What causes spinal stenosis?

A

Narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal with compression of the nerve roots

34
Q

What bug is mostly commonly found in cat bites?

A

Pasteurella multocia

35
Q

What is the drug of choice for cat bites?

A

Augmentin

36
Q

What complications can arise from cat bites?

A

Osteomyelitis

Tenosynovitis

37
Q

Which nerve is commonly injured in anterior knee dislocation?

Which artery is commonly injured?

A

Common peroneal nerve

Popliteal artery

38
Q

What is the most common type of knee dislocation?

A

Anterior

39
Q

SALTR types

A

S-Slipped

A-Above growth plate

L-Lower than growth plate

T-Through the growth plate

R-Rammed (crushed)

40
Q

What do you call any fracture or dislocation of the tarsal-metatarsal joint?

A

Lisfranc injury

41
Q

What is the Fleck sign?

A

Pathognomonic for lisfranc

Avulsion fracture of medial aspect of base of second metatarsal

42
Q

What is the treatment for a Lisfranc injury?

A

Nondisplaced: non-weight bearing case

Displaced: surgery

43
Q

What is the mechanism of injury in an ACL tear?

A

Quick stop moving and change in direction while running

44
Q

Papable purpura

A

Hypersensitivity vasculitis

45
Q

Palpable purpura

Abdominal pain

Hematuria

N/V/D

A

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

46
Q

Cough

Dyspnea

Hemoptysis

Glomerulonephritis

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

47
Q

Small vessel vasculitides

A

Hypersensitivity vasculitis

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Goodpasture’s syndrome

48
Q

Skin ulcers

Nephritis

Mesenteric ischemia

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

49
Q

Sinusitis

Pulmonary infiltrates

Nephritis

A

Granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis

50
Q

Recurrent painful oral & genital ulcers

Uveitis, iritis, or optic neuritis

A

Bechet disease

51
Q

Pulmonary infiltrates

Nephritis

A

Microscopic polyangiitis

52
Q

Medium vessel vasculitides

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

Granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis

Bechet disease

Microscopic polyangiitis

53
Q

Branches of carotid artery

Headache

Jaw claudication

Vision changes

A

Giant cell arteritis

54
Q

Aorta and major branches

Finger ischemia

Arm claudication

A

Takayasu’s arteritis

55
Q

Large vessel vasculitides

A

Giant cell arteritis

Takayasu’s arteritis

56
Q

What is the main treatment for all vasculitides?

A

Prednisone

57
Q

40-50 year old male patient presents with malaise, fever, sore throat, aches, and pains. Upon PE you find tender lumps under the skin on lower legs.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

58
Q

What is the pathognomonic sign for polyarteritis nodosa?

A

Starburst livedo (painful violaceous plaques that are surrounded by livedo reticularis)

59
Q

Risk factors for osteoporosis

A

Alcohol

Steroid use

Whites

Asians

60
Q

T-score indicative of osteoporosis

A

= 2.5

61
Q

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

A

SITS

Supraspinatus (abduction)

Infraspinatus (external rotation)

Teres minor (external rotation)

Subscapularis (internal rotation)

62
Q

Young patient presents with Hx of a URI, complaining of abdominal pain, arthralgia, and a rash. The rash began on buttocks and lower extremities.

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

63
Q

What is the most common cause of Henoch-Scholein purpura?

A

IgA mediated vasculitis

64
Q

What are the common complications of Henoch-Scholein purpura?

A

Nephropathy

Intussusception

65
Q

Gradually increasing multiple myalgias

F>M

Proxima > distal

A

Polymyositis

66
Q

Polymyositis symptoms +

Dermatologic manifestations

Scaly rash

Shawl sign

Proximal > distal

A

Dermatomyositis

67
Q

Autoimmune & degenerative destuction of muscle cells

Pharyngal muscle weakness

Distal > proximal

A

Inclusion body myositis

68
Q

Patient presents with muscle pain and progressive weakness of 3 months. PE shows diffuse tenderness of shoulder and pelvic girdle.

You draw labs: + Anti-Jo, + Anti-SRP, + Anti-Mi-2

What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Polymyositis

69
Q

What is the name for a high ankle sprain?

A

Syndesmotic ankle sprain

70
Q

How does a high ankle sprain occur?

What is the managment?

A

External rotation force

Immobilization, non-weightbearing, surgical PRN

71
Q

What is the first line treatment for scabies?

A

permethrin 5%

72
Q

What is the most common cause of erysipelas?

A

Beta-hemolytic strep (strep pyogenes)

73
Q

What is the treatment for erysipelas?

A

Ceftriaxone, cefazolin (systemic symptoms)

Amoxicillin, cephalexin (mild to moderate)

74
Q

Patient presents with erythema migrans and viral-like syndrome after a history of being in the woods.

What could they have?

A

Lyme disease stage I

75
Q

Arthritis, myocarditis, bilateral Bell’s palsy

A

Symptoms of stage II Lyme disease

76
Q

What is the cause of Lyme disease?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

77
Q

What is the treatment of Lyme disease in a child or pregnant women?

A

Amoxicillin

78
Q

What are the 2 pathognomonic symptoms of Lyme disease?

A

Erythema migrans

Bilateral facial nerve palsy

79
Q
A
80
Q
A

K- Rosh Review (4 decks)

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