Rosh Flashcards
What is an indication for an implantable cardioverter defibrillator in a kid with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Unexplained syncope, previously aborted sudden cardiac arrest, strong family history of sudden death, ventricular wall and diastolic dimensions of greater than 3 cm, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, hypotensive response to exercise
What is a contributing factor for bone loss in a patient with anorexia?
Low levels of oxytocin
Which line carries the lowest risk of a catheter associated bacterial infection
Peripherally inserted midline catheter
Symptoms of hematuria, edema, and hypertension are suggestive of what dx? And what is the most common ideology?
Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.
Group A Strep
What is the approved drug for agitation in autism?
Risperidone
A boy has HUS and CBC, coags, CMP are fine and there’s blood in the urine. Next step?
Random urine for protein and creatinine so disease progression can be monitored
Recurrent mucosal bleeding, mild thrombocytopenia, and giant platelets on peripheral smear. What’s the dx and diagnostic work up?
Bernard-Soulier syndrome, which is a qualitative disorder in platelet function caused by a deficiency of glycoprotein 1b in the platelet membrane.
Inheritance is autosomal recessive.
Diagnosis is confirmed by flow cytometry of the missing glycoprotein.
Episodes of fever, cervical
lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, and aphthous ulcers occur every 2 to 8 weeks with an average of 4 weeks between episodes.
Periodic fever with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis (PFAPA syndrome), which is a form of periodic fever and an autoinflammatory disease.
A fever diary can be helpful in establishing the periodicity of fever.
Lab findings include leukocytosis and elevated inflammatory markers during episodes,
When giving IVF for hypothermia, what temperature should they be given at?
104-111
Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura) is the result of a small-vessel vasculitis with symptoms directly related to what etiology?
IgA deposition in vessel walls with a resultant leukocytoclastic vasculitis,
What is a failure mode and effects analysis?
A quality improvement tool that is used to identify factors that may cause a process to fail. It is a preventative rather than a reactive analysis. It is used proactively to anticipate challenges rather than to evaluate the cause of a system failure after it has occurred. Failure modes refer to potential ways that a project could go wrong, while an effects analysis predicts the downstream effects of the failures.
Which complication is associated with hydroxychloroquine use?
Vision impairment
Pt has long-standing poor weight gain and linear growth, as well as steatorrhea and recurrent bacterial infections. The family history is positive for a relative who is short and has similar issues. His physical exam reveals an abnormally shaped rib cage. Finally, his laboratory evaluation reveals neutropenia (neutrophils 600/microL), a low fecal elastase indicating pancreatic insufficiency, and normal sweat test and nasal nitric oxide test.
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus?
female sex, positive family history, obesity, certain ethnic and racial groups, and prenatal exposures including low birth weight or being the infant of a mother with gestational diabetes.
Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus?
female sex, positive family history, obesity, certain ethnic and racial groups, and prenatal exposures including low birth weight or being the infant of a mother with gestational diabetes.
Serum measurement of which of the following is most likely to be decreased in maple syrup urine disease?
Alanine
They will have increased levels of Leucine, isoleucine, and valine
Pt who has a slowly progressive unilateral cervical adenopathy and papular lesions on his arm suggestive of a diagnosis of…what dx?
cat scratch disease (CSD)
Warthin-Starry stain of the lymph node specimen may be helpful in demonstrating the presence of pleomorphic gram-negative rods, consistent with B. henselae.
Pt with hyperthermia, tachycardia, mydriasis, constipation indicates what ingestion?
Anticholinergic Toxidrome
• Antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, jimsonweed, deadly nightshade
A child’s tracheal length correlates best with their…
Weight
Protective interventions that improve outcome or reduce the risk of preterm infants going on to develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia include…
antenatal glucocorticoid therapy, protective ventilation strategies, use of mother’s breast milk for nutrition, caffeine, fluid restriction, and supplementation with vitamin A.
Contraindications to the use of noninvasive ventilation in children.
altered mental status, high aspiration risk, significant facial injuries, upper gastrointestinal bleeds, and the need for airway support during
cardiopulmonary arrest, significant hemodynamic instability, or any upper airway process that may compromise the airway such as burns or epiglottitis.
In the setting of agitation that is known to be secondary to acute cocaine intoxication, the treatment of choice is
A benzodiazepine such as intravenous diazepam.
